1. 1750-1820

2. The Classical Symphony A symphony is an extended, ambitious composition usually lasting between 20-45 minutes. Has 4 movements 1. Fast 2. Slow 3. Dance 4. Fast

3. The Classical Symphony The 1 st movement is usually fast and in sonata form. The 2 nd movement is slow and has slow song like melodies The 3 rd movement is always based off of a dance like a minuet. (Beethoven liked much faster 3 rd movements called scherzos) The 4 th movement is usually the most brilliant and sound triumphant and heroic.

4. The Classical Concerto A cadenza is a section where the soloist can show off without the orchestra. The orchestra usually slows down and waits for the cadenza to end.

5. Classical Chamber Music Chamber music is music for an intimate setting, either in a home or palace, rather than in a large concert hall. It is performed by a small group of musicians (2-9) The String Quartet, is music written for only 2 violins, one viola, and one cello. String quartets also have the same 4 movements that all other classical compositions have.

6. Joseph Haydn Austrian Composer Started his musical training as a boy soprano in choir. After this he became the Music Director for the Esterhazys. a very rich family of nobles in Austria He worked for them for 30 years This family’s palace and lands contained it’s very own opera house, a theater, two large concert halls, and 126 guest rooms!

7. Joseph Haydn As the Esterhazy’s composer, Haydn had to: Compose Conduct Rehearse There were usually two concerts and two operas a week at this job, as well as daily chamber music concerts. Listening: Surprise Symphony Movement 2 (9:32) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_6mrLc_mEw

8. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Austrian Composer child prodigy! By 6: He could play the harpsichord and violin Improvise (which is to make up on the spot) whole fugues Write minuets and read music perfectly on the spot. By 8:He wrote a symphony At 11: He wrote an oratorio At 12: He wrote an opera

9. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart At 15- composer for prince of austria. Horrible tyrant! At 25- quit and became freelance composer Died at 35, almost poor because he couldn’t find work Most famous for his piano pieces, symphonies, and most all- his operas!

10. The Queen of the Night Hell's vengeance boils in my heart; Death and despair blaze around me! If Sarastro does not feel the pain of death because of you, Then you will be my daughter nevermore. Disowned be forever, Forsaken be forever, Shattered be forever All the bonds of nature If Sarastro does not turn pale [in death] because of you! Hear, gods of vengeance, hear the mother's oath! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lFktfr1kmHc

11. Ludwig van Beethoven German Composer 12- started studying music. 16- private lessons with Mozart: “Keep your eyes on him; some day he will give the world something to talk about.” 22- moved to Vienna to study with Haydn Vienna let Mozart die- Vienna showered Beethoven with gifts

12. Ludwig van Beethoven 29- disaster struck and he started to go deaf. He wrote to his brothers: “I would have ended my life, but it was my art that held me back.” He was a mysterious man but we do know that: He was extremely sloppy! (house, clothes, hair) He never married He took long walks every day to get ideas Insisted on conducting his own music, even after he couldn’t hear Sawed the legs off of his pianos.

13. Piano Sonata in C minor (Pathetique) Early work- composed at age 28 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vGq3-Fi_zQY

14. Symphony No. 5 in C minor Later work- after he went deaf http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRgXUFnfKIY

15. Symphony No. 9 (Ode to Joy) Greatest work of all Died right after he finished composing this. Only composer so far to use choir in a symphony http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljGMhDSSGFU 12:57