Informal Affirmative Commands Regular and Irregular

Overview  Tú commands are informal commands. We use positive tú commands to tell a friend, family member, classmate, child, or pet to do something.

Overview  Positive tú Command Forms Simply use the 3rd person singular (él/ella/Ud.) form of the present tense. Commands take the following endings: -ar = -a -er = -e -ir = -e

Overview  -AR verbs: Add the él/ella/Ud. ending “-a” to the stem Ex: (Comprar) Compra la camisa. (Buy the shirt.)  -ER verbs: Add the él/ella/Ud. ending “-e” to the stem Ex: (Comer) ¡Come la pizza! (Eat the pizza!)  -IR verbs: Add the él/ella/Ud. ending “-e” to the stem Ex: (Escribir) ¡Escribe el ensayo! (Write the essay!) Commands take the following endings: -ar = -a -er = -e -ir = -e

 For verbs with stem changes or spelling changes in the present tense, the stem or spelling change still applies.  Ex: (Cerrar e-ie) Cierra la puerta. (Close the door.)  Ex: (Mover o-ue) Mueve esas sillas. (Move those chairs.)  Ex: (Servir e –ie) Sirve el café. (Serve the coffee)  Ex: (Jugar u  ue) Juega con tu hermano. (Play with your brother.)

 Punctuation to the Rescue!  Because the positive tú command is the same conjugation form as the él/ella/Ud., it is helpful to include exclamation points to indicate urgency.  ¡corre!

 Punctuation to the Rescue!  Because the positive tú command is the same conjugation form as It is also helpful to include the name of the person you are commanding followed by a comma. Without the comma, your sentence is just the 3rd person singular present tense, saying “so & so is doing x”.

 Compare the following sentences written with different punctuation:  Compra la camisa. (She buys the shirt.) – present tense  ¡Compra la camisa! (Buy the shirt!) – tú command  Alicia compra la camisa. (Alicia buys the shirt.) – present tense  Alicia, compra la camisa. (Alicia, buy the shirt.) – tú command

 Practice: Write each of these verbs in command form. Then translate each one.  For example: correr = ¡corre! = run! 1. buscar = __________ = __________ 2. cruzar = __________ = __________ 3. doblar = __________ = __________ 4. empezar (e  ie) = __________ = __________ 5. manejar = __________ = __________ 6. parar = __________ = __________ 7. dormir (o  ue) = __________ = __________ 8. viajar = __________ = __________  lesson 91: Informal Commands (tú): Quiz #1

Commands with object pronouns  Affirmative tú commands with pronouns  A – Affirmative  A – Attach  A – After  *A – Add Accent  *Accent added to preserve pronunciation when the word has more than one syllable  Do the homework for me: ábrela

Commands with object pronouns  *Accent added to preserve pronunciation when the word has more than one syllable  Open the door: abre la puerta -- la puerta is the DO; the DOP is la (it)  So to say open it: abrela (attach the DOP to the end of the command)  In addition, because we added a syllable to the end of the word and we need to preserve pronunciation we have to add an accent mark  Ábrela (count back two syllables and add accent mark)  If adding two syllables: ábremela (count back three syllables and add accent mark)

 Translate:

 Cambia la frase usando los pronombres de objetos directos cuando sea necesario 1.Cantar la canción_________________________________ 2.Vender el reloj a María _________________________________ 3.Recibir los regalos _________________________________ 4.Salir con tus amigos _________________________________ 5.Tener cuidado _________________________________ 6.Dar los lápices a ellos _________________________________ 7.Ser feliz _________________________________ 8.Ir al cine con mis amigos _________________________________ 9.Dormir _________________________________ 10.Venir a la escuela _________________________________ 11.Mirar la televisión _________________________________ 12.Aprender las matemáticas _________________________________ 13.Tomar los refrescos _________________________________

Irregular Verbs: there are eight, memorize the chant:

 Practice: Use each of the irregular verbs to give a command to your friend, (ten, ven, pon, sal, di, sé, ve, haz) 1.tener: _________________________ 2.venir: ________________________________ 3.poner: _____________________________________ 4.salir: ___________________________________ 5.decir: ____________________________________ 6.ser: __________________________ 7.ir: ____________________________ 8.Hacer: __________________________

 Practice: Tell Marie, 1.Come to the party: _________________________ 2.Put the books on the table________________________________ 3.Be nice to your sister _____________________________________ 4.Go out with John ___________________________________ 5.Tell the truth ____________________________________ 6.Go to the park this afternoon __________________________ 7.Do your homework ____________________________  lesson 92: Irregular Commands (tú): Quiz #1

Commands and Double Object pronouns:  I.D – place the indirect object pronoun first, then the direct object pronoun  The indirect object pronouns Le and Les become se when attaching it to a command  John, bring the book to me - John, tráemelo  Bring the book to him – tráeselo  Bring the book to them - tráeselo

 1. Buy it for your mother. (comprar / el libro) 2. Open them. (abrir / las ventanas) 3. open them. (abrir / los libros) 4. Bring it to me. (traer / la comida) 5. Bring it to her. (traer / el coche) 6. Bring them to him. (traer / las plumas) 7. Open them. (abrir / las cartas) 8. Tell it to me. (decir / el secreto) 9. Give it to me. (dar / a pluma) 10. Give it to her. (dar / la pluma) 11. Put them there. (poner / los libros) 12. Put them here for me. (poner / las manzanas) 13. Serve it to me. (servir / la comida) 14. Serve it to us. (servir / el refresco) 15. Sell them to me. (vender / las revistas) 16. Sell them to her. (vender / los platos) 17. Look for it. (buscar /el perro) 18. Do it for me. (hacer/ la tarea)