This cartoon - 'A Chain of Friendship' - appeared in the American newspaper the Brooklyn Eagle in July 1914.   The caption read: “If Austria attacks Serbia, Russia will fall upon Austria, Germany upon Russia, and France and England upon Germany.” Below is a more recent replica of the same cartoon.

Causes of World War One A combination of events and circumstances created the possibility of war in Europe by 1914

1. The Arms Race machine guns, tanks, airplanes, submarines, dreadnoughts the industrial revolution had produced new mechanical weapons Poison gas also introduced

2. M.A.I.N Militarism Alliances belief in the use of military force (armies, navies etc.) to solve disputes meant little time given to diplomatic solutions; quickly resort to war Alliances formal commitments by countries/empires to help each other if attacked sometimes secret agreements

2. M.A.I.N cont’d Imperialism Nationalism European countries had taken control of other territory around the world empires competed for territory, trade needed to dominate the seas to maintain links to colonies Nationalism sense of pride, prestige in your own nation most countries not ‘multi-cultural’ ‘foreigners’ viewed with suspicion

Archduke Franz Ferdinand Ferdinand – Prince of Austria-Hungary Assassinated June 28, 1914 by Serbian nationalist group ‘Black Hand’

Europe 1914

Summary These factors were like loading a gun. The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand was like pulling the trigger, setting events in motion. Austria-Hungary Declares war on Serbia June 28, 1914.

Animated Map of WWI http://www.the-map-as- history.com/demos/tome06/index.php

Homework Causes of WWI What was Canada like in 1914? Read pg. 126-127 and complete the handout What was Canada like in 1914? Read p. 128-129 and write down two statements for each section "Canada goes to war" and "Not wanted in the armed forces" to describe what Canada was like

Turn of the Century Film Explore what Canada was like before the war to understand the transition and the changes that happened as a result https://www.nfb.ca/film/turn_of_the_centu ry