Africa Age of European Imperialism

Executive Summary Europeans Explore Africa European Motives The Scramble for Colonies African Resistance Struggle for Southern Africa

Europeans Explore Africa A. Europeans Explore Africa 1. To the Europeans, Africa was known as the “Dark Continent” 2. Explorers began by searching for the sources of major river systems 3. David Livingstone a. British missionary & explorer b. Discovered huge falls on the Zambezi River and named them Victoria Falls

Mungo Park

European Motives B. European Motives 1. Economic motives: palm oil for soaps, cotton for textiles, rubber, ivory, hardwoods, gold, et cetera 2. Political motives: claim lands in order to prevent other countries from controlling the raw materials 3. Religious motives: Livingstone worked to end slave trade, improve health care, set up schools, and spread Christian gospel

The Scramble for Colonies C. The Scramble for Colonies 1. Technology a. Medical knowledge of malaria and yellow fever allowed Europeans to expand into Africa more safely b. Europeans invented Maxim gun 2. French company completed the Suez Canal in 1869

The Scramble for Colonies C. The Scramble for Colonies continued 3. Berlin Conference a. 14 European countries b. Met in Berlin, Germany in 1884 c. Carved up Africa d. Africans were not invited - - oops!

Student Notes

Europeans Explore Africa A. Europeans Explore Africa 1. To the Europeans, Africa was known as the “Dark Continent” 2. Explorers began by searching for the sources of major river systems 3. David Livingstone a. British missionary & explorer b. Discovered huge falls on the Zambezi River and named them Victoria Falls

European Motives B. European Motives 1. Economic motives: palm oil for soaps, cotton for textiles, rubber, ivory, hardwoods, gold, et cetera 2. Political motives: claim lands in order to prevent other countries from controlling the raw materials 3. Religious motives: Livingstone worked to end slave trade, improve health care, set up schools, and spread Christian gospel

The Scramble for Colonies C. The Scramble for Colonies 1. Technology a. Medical knowledge of malaria and yellow fever allowed Europeans to expand into Africa more safely b. Europeans invented Maxim gun 2. French company completed the Suez Canal in 1869 3. King Leopold II takes over Congo basin

The Scramble for Colonies C. The Scramble for Colonies continued 4. Berlin Conference a. 14 European countries b. Met in Berlin, Germany in 1884 c. Carved up Africa d. Africans were not invited - - oops!

African Resistance D. African Resistance * STUDY ON YOUR OWN

Struggle for Southern Africa E. Struggle for Southern Africa 1. Migrating peoples 2. Boers 3. Shaka: King of the Zulu Nation 4. Diamonds and gold a. Discoveries led to a flood of Europeans into Boer areas b. By 1902, British defeat the Boers in the Boer War 5. Britain grants self-government to the South African colonies * Only whites could vote