1. Africa Unit Guiding Question How does the past affect the present and prospects for the future?

2. Today Finish up Africa Maps (15 Mins)  Please remember to answer the guiding question to the best of your ability Rudyard Kipling’s “The White Man’s Burden” Poem activity Begin notes on “Scramble for Africa”

3. Today’s grades Map- Criterion A knowledge and understanding  CO state geography standard 1.2- Use different types of maps and geographic tools to analyze features on Earth to investigate and solve geographic questions. Poem activity- Criterion C: Critical Thinking  CO state history standard 1.3- The significance of ideas as powerful forces throughout history.

4. Rudyard Kipling Kipling was born in British occupied India, in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s This is his view of Imperialism – From a European living inside a colony This poem was sent to Theodore Roosevelt after the Spanish American war.

5. Outside influences on Africa

7. Slave Trade 1500-1800 an estimated 10 to 15 million slaves were sent from Africa to the Americas. Slaves were traded for guns and other manufactured goods Often tribes would attack their neighbors to take slaves to trade to whites for guns, etc. The strongest men and women were usually taken.  Why and how did this effect Africa?

8. Colonization: late 1800’s to 1900’s Why do you think the slave trade ended, and after the slave trade what did Europeans want from Africa?

9. Economic motives for colonization With industrialization in the west, slavery became less profitable. Europe no longer needed humans to trade but rather raw materials for their factories. Raw materials that Europeans wanted included palm oil, cotton, gum, rubber, ivory, and rare hardwoods. Europeans also wanted markets or places to sell their goods.

10. Political motives European nations wanted to build global empires to prove their power and wealth. This power struggle encouraged the “scramble for Africa.”

11. Religious motives Christians believed it was their duty to spread the benefits of their religion to the Africans. Europeans believed their religion and culture was superior and felt the Africans should adopt their ways.

12. How Europeans colonized Africa Two innovations helped Europeans in Africa:  Medicine to protect against malaria and yellow fever  Maxim gun – the first self-powered machine gun

13. The Berlin Conference 14 European nations met in Berlin in 1884 and 1885 to discuss colonization of Africa No African nations were invited European nations divided Africa without regard for cultural boundaries that already existed. After the conference the nations began developing their claims  Surveyors mapped routes for roads and railroads  Appointed officials to govern the colonies  Sent troops to enforce claims and new boundaries

14. How do you think the Berlin Conference affected Africa? African nations/groups before colonization:

15. Colonial Africa