Tobacco Smoking is the largest cause of preventable death in the world. 7/25/2015 1

What are some of the forms of tobacco you see and hear about? What do all these have in common? 7/25/2015 2

While there are over 7000 chemicals found in tobacco products, we are going to concentrate on 3 of them. Nicotine Carbon Monoxide Tar 7/25/2015 3

Nicotine  It is the addictive substance in tobacco.  It is an extremely fast-acting drug. It reaches the brain within seconds of being inhaled.  A teen’s brain is still developing, which can make teens more vulnerable to becoming addicted.  Nicotine is found naturally in some plants but is also manufactured. 7/25/2015 4

Carbon Monoxide  This is a poisonous gas that has no smell or taste.  The body finds it hard to differentiate carbon monoxide from oxygen so it absorbs it into the bloodstream blocking the oxygen from getting in and making it hard to breathe.  It is also found in auto exhaust. 7/25/2015 5

 A sticky substance that forms when tobacco burns, and gets into the lungs of people who smoke.  When a smoker inhales cigarette smoke, 70% of the tar remains in the lungs. Tar 7/25/2015 6

Short-term effects that can be seen very soon after a person begins to smoke: stimulates the brain reward system stimulates the brain reward system increases heart rate and blood pressure increases heart rate and blood pressure increases breathing rate increases breathing rate increases blood sugar levels increases blood sugar levels stimulates the vomit reflex stimulates the vomit reflex smoker smells like smoke smoker smells like smoke smoker loses sensation of taste smoker loses sensation of taste 7/25/2015 7

Long-term effects of tobacco use on the body: 7/25/2015 8

How can using tobacco affect your immune system? Chemicals in smoke reduce the activity of the immune system so you are more likely to get sick. The longer you smoke, the more damage is being done to the immune system increasing your chances of suffering from diseases such as cancer. 7/25/2015 9

Long-term use of tobacco could lead to: Addiction- physically and mentally needing tobacco Bronchitis- inflammation of the bronchial tubes Emphysema- loss of elasticity in the lungs, making it difficult to inhale and exhale Cancer- cancerous cells replicate and spread Heart and Artery Diseases Early death- those who smoke die, on average, at least 10 years younger than non- smokers 7/25/

Experimenting with cigarettes is a slippery slope, and first-timers often underestimate how addictive it can be. What factors increase the chances that someone may try using tobacco? Having a parent or friend who smokes Social pressures Advertisements / TV and movies Curiosity Rebellion Misconceptions 7/25/

Effects of smoke on the non-smoker SIDESTREAM SMOKE - Smoke from the burning end of the cigarette MAINSTREAM SMOKE - Smoke that is inhaled through a tobacco product and exhaled by a tobacco smoker SECONDHAND SMOKE - Combination of exhaled mainstream smoke and side stream smoke The deadly content of cigarette smoke affects everyone exposed to the smoke. For every 8 people killed by their own smoke, a non- smoker is killed by being exposed to secondhand smoke. 7/25/

How can tobacco use affect a pregnancy? Anything the mother takes into her body is also taken in by the baby. CARBON MONOXIDE in tobacco products cuts down the oxygen supply to the baby, increasing the chances of birth defects, premature births, miscarriage, stillbirths, etc. 7/25/

How does tobacco use affect families and society? Costs society money medical care insurance costs accidental fires Costs the family money buying tobacco products loss of wages medical bills funeral costs 7/25/

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Want to quit? Quitting isn’t easy, but it can be done and will benefit your health at any age. The sooner you quit, the sooner your body will begin to heal. 7/25/

Some of the ways to quit smoking: Cold Turkey – just stop Nicotine supplements (gum & patches) – release nicotine into the body through the skin; the body gradually weans itself off the nicotine Acupuncture – reduces cravings and alleviates withdrawal symptoms 7/25/

Benefits to Quitting: how does the body recover? 12 hours after quitting The carbon monoxide level in your blood drops to normal 2 weeks to 3 months after quitting Your circulation improves and your lung function increases. 1 to 9 months after quitting Coughing and shortness of breath decrease; cilia (tiny hair-like structures that move mucus out of the lungs) start to regain normal function in the lungs, increasing the ability to handle mucus, clean the lungs, and reduce the risk of infection. 1 year after quitting The excess risk of coronary heart disease is half that of a continuing smoker’s. 5 years after quitting Risk of cancer of the mouth, throat, esophagus, and bladder are cut in half. Cervical cancer risk falls to that of a non-smoker. Stroke risk can fall to that of a non-smoker after 2-5 years. 10 years after quitting The risk of dying from lung cancer is about half that of a person who is still smoking. The risk of cancer of the larynx (voice box) and pancreas decreases. 15 years after quitting The risk of coronary heart disease is that of a non-smoker’s. 7/25/

Battery operated devices designed to look like regular tobacco cigarettes that contain liquid nicotine 7/25/

How they work: How do E-cigs work? The user inhales through a mouthpiece. Air flow triggers a sensor that switches on a battery- powered heater. The heater vaporizes liquid nicotine in a small cartridge. The user gets a puff of hot vapor (containing chemicals to create the appearance of smoke) that feels a lot like tobacco smoke. When the user exhales, there is a cloud of vapor that looks like smoke. 7/25/

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Good Allows users to stop inhaling the tar in regular cigarettes. Provides enhanced smoking sensation, allowing users to smoke less but feel the same effects. For smokers who want to quit, may help people quit through “nicotine free” or “light nicotine” options. Bad E-Cigs are currently unregulated, meaning there is no law forcing manufacturers to disclose what other chemicals you are actually inhaling. Liquid nicotine is the most potent form of nicotine and can even be lethal if ingested. Young people are attempting to bypass the vapor and drink the liquid nicotine with deadly consequences. 7/25/

From 2011 – 2013 the number of non-smoking youth who used an e-cig increased three times. Why do you think is? Exposure to ads Ease of access Candy and fruit-flavored products Products are easy to use Many of the ads for E-cigs are very similar to cigarette ads. 7/25/

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E-Cigs: Potential for Harm: Exposes children and teens, pregnant women, and non-smokers to secondhand aerosol or psychoactive substances Results in poisonings among users or non- users Uncertain health effects of long-term exposure 7/25/

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