Global Context Chapter Three

Earth Basics Surface Area = 510 million square km 197 million square miles Freshwater covers about 1% of earth’s surface 70% Water 30% Land Freshwater = 3% of total water supply of which 1% is available

Bulk of land is located in the Northern Hemisphere = > 65% Earth Basics Bulk of land is located in the Northern Hemisphere = > 65%

Global Coordinate System Latitude Longitude

Global Coordinate System Longitude (Meridians)- Run north and south and measure east and west of the Prime Meridian (0o) Closely associated with time and time zones.

Longitude

Global Coordinate System Latitude (Parallels)- Run east and west and measure north and south of the equator (0o) Closely associated with insolation and amount of daylight and darkness.

Latitude

Seven Parallels

0o

23.5o N

23.5o S

66.5o N

66.5o S

North Pole 90o N

South Pole 90o S

Seven Parallels Arctic Circle 66.5o N Tropic of Cancer 23.5o N Equator 0o degrees Tropic of Capricorn 23.5o S Antarctic Circle 66.5o S

North Pole & South Pole

Zones of Latitude Arctic 66.5 o – 90o S Sub Arctic 55o - 66.5o N Middle Latitudes 35o - 55o N Sub Tropics 23.5o - 35o N Tropics 7o - 23.5o N Equatorial Zone 0o - 7o N & S of Equator Tropics 7o - 23.5o S Sub Tropics 23.5o - 35o S Middle Latitudes 35o - 55o S Sub Arctic 55o - 66.5o S Antarctic 66.5 o – 90o S

Revolution of Earth March 20– Spring Equinox June 21 – Summer Solstice Dec 21 – Winter Solstice Sept 22 – Fall Equinox

Characteristics of Zones of Latitude Arctic 66.5 o – 90o S Sub Arctic 55o - 66.5o N Middle Latitudes 35o - 55o N Sub Tropics 23.5o - 35o N Tropics 7o - 23.5o N Equatorial Zone 0o - 7o N & S of Equator Tropics 7o - 23.5o S Sub Tropics 23.5o - 35o S Middle Latitudes 35o - 55o S Sub Arctic 55o - 66.5o S Antarctic 66.5 o – 90o S