New College English Book 2 Foreign Languages School DHU Shanghai CN

Introduction to the On-Lined English Course Introduction to the Online English Course

Unit One Ways of Learning --- Learning, Chinese Style

Instructional Procedures

I. Background Information II. Comprehension Questions III. Remarks about Chinese Students IV. Check-up Exercises V. Vocabulary & Structure VI. Speaking Practice Table of Contents

I. Background Information about the Text

Jinling Hotel, in Nanking *****

Address: 2 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing Jiangsu Province, China Internet Reservation Office in China Tel: (8621) Fax: (8621) Contact person: May Lobby (Entrance Hall)

Deluxe Room Executive Room

Service at a Hotel: Exchange Rates (Approximately) 1 USD = 8.25 RMB 1 Euro = 8.18 RMB 15 Yen = 1 RMB

Author: Howard Gardner (July 11, ) American Psychologist and Educator, Education School of Harvard University

Major Contribution: Theory of Multiple Intelligences

Howard Gardner identified the following distinct types of intelligence. They are listed here with respect to gifted / talented children.

1) Linguistic Children with this kind of intelligence enjoy writing, reading, telling stories or doing crossword puzzles.

2) Logical-Mathematical Children with lots of logical intelligence are interested in patterns, categories and relationships. They are drawn to arithmetic problems, strategy games and experiments.

3) Bodily-kinesthetic ( 运动型） These kids process knowledge through bodily sensations. They are often athletic, dancers or good at crafts such as sewing or woodworking.

4) Spatial These children think in images and pictures. They may be fascinated with mazes or jigsaw puzzles, or spend free time drawing, building with Legos or daydreaming.

5) Musical Musical children are always singing or drumming to themselves. They are usually quite aware of sounds others may miss. These kids are often discriminating listeners.

6) Interpersonal Children who are leaders among their peers, who are good at communicating and who seem to understand others' feelings and motives possess interpersonal intelligence.

7) Intra-personal (in the mind) These children may be shy. They are very aware of their own feelings and are self- motivated. (Text from Bill Allen, photo from /Gardner)

Map of Harvard University

II. Comprehension Questions

1. What is the main difference between Chinese-style and American-style in learning? 2. What is the advantage of focus on basic skill training? 3. What is the advantage of emphasis on creativity in training?

4. What is the author’s attitude towards Chinese-style “Teaching sb. by hand”? 5. Is the case in text typical or atypical? 6. Your opinion about the tradition and creativity in learning, from economical point of view or psychological point of view?

7. What do you know about the approach of teaching by holding his hand?

Key to Q 1: Emphasis on basic skills and emphasis on creativity Keys to the Questions

Key to Q 2: Time saving approach & solid foundation

Key to Q3: Fostering independence and longer span of interest

Key to Q 4. Disapproving at the beginning

Key to Q 5. Yes. Typical.

Key to Q 6. If the learner is very young, American way could be taken.

Key to Q 7: Help too much or help in greater details

III. Remarks about Chinese Students

Remarks about Chinese students by Foreign Professors Unfortunately, they are used to obeying. In the past, they have always been given sth. on the blackboard to copy down sth. that they have to accept without comment or discussion, and that has given them a passive mindset.

When you tell first year students to design a pink sweater, they can do that, but if you tell them to design whatever they want, to be creative, then they have no energy. By the second and the third year, they are much more creative,. We have to train them how to express themselves.

Portelli, an Italian designer and professor, has good reason to be hopeful. Some of his students are already working in the fashion business in China. One has even landed a job in Paris.

Generally, Chinese garments are known for their low prices and sometimes, inferior quality. Traditionally, the printed fabrics are cheap and synthetic looking. China’s traditional low-quality approach to production can even affect companies that stress high quality and design because “design and service is a conceptual problem for factories.

Even if our quality is the same and our price is better than Italian goods, the buyer will still buy Italian. A test in time saves time --- and energy! This is a solution for quality control.

Easy care gets even easier. A stitch in time---In the fast paced, price- sensitive apparel industry, an ounce of prevention can be worth more than a pound of cure.

IV. Check-up Exercises Given Words: superior, continual, continuous, principle, principal, apply to, apply for, be made up of,retrospect,

1. It is said that natural fiber is ___________ synthetic fiber. 2. Your ____________interruptions are making it very difficult for me to concentrate. 3. Gas central heating provides instant warmth and a__________ supply of hot water. superior to continual continuous

4. The _________ aim of the policy is to bring peace to the area. 5. Complaints from the teachers and students began arriving at the _________ ’s office. 6. A bicycle or a motorcycle is built on the same _________, though the force that moves them is different. principal principle

7. In_____________ it is now clear that this battle was a turning point in the war. 8. This book does not ____________ beginners. 9. I made up my mind to ______________ the scholarship. 10. By means of hard work, John _______________ his lack of experience. retrospect apply to apply for made up for

V. Vocabulary & Structure

1. bustle verb [I + adverb or preposition] to do things in a hurried and busy way: Thora bustled about the flat, getting every thing ready. bustle noun [U] I sat in a café, watching the (hustle and) bustle (= busy activity) of the street outside.

bustling adjective This used to be a bustling (= full of busy activity) town but a lot of people have moved away over recent years. Nanjing is a bustling city.

The house, usually bustling with activity, was strangely silent. hustle (NOISE) noun

hustle and bustle all the noise and activity: I love the hustle and bustle of the marketplace. In hustle and bustle

2. telling lessons ----— significant lesson Or showing the truth about a situation or showing what someone really think a telling comment

moving story touching scene What a touching scene! — The two lovers are parting at the station.

3. plastic block n. a solid straight-sided lump of hard material a block of wood/ice

block (BUILDING) noun [C] a large, usually tall building divided into separate parts for use as offices or homes by several different organizations or people:

an office block a tower block (UK) a block of flats (UK)

4. tender adjective LITERARY young: He was sent off to boarding school at the tender age of seven.

tender a. gentle, caring or sympathetic: a tender look/smile, What you need is some tender loving care.

tender-hearted a. very kind and sympathetic My mother is tender-hearted.

5. exploratory behavior a. in order to discover more about something: an exploratory expedition to Antarctica.

She's having some exploratory tests done to find out what's causing the illness.

We're having an exploratory meeting next week to talk about (to examine) the possibility of merging the two companies.

explore verb [I or T] to search and discover (about sth.): to explore space, The best way to explore the countryside is on foot. Let's explore this issue/idea more fully (= examine it carefully in order to discover more about it).

The children have gone exploring in the woods.

6. not … in the least not in any way: "Are you dissatisfied with the results?" "Not in the least."

at least 1) as much as, or more than, a number or amount: It will cost at least $100. It will be £200 at the very least.

You'll have to wait at least an hour.

2) used to reduce the effect of a statement: I've met the President - at least, he shook my hand once.

not the least used for emphasis with nouns: I haven't the least idea (= I do not know) who he was.

She hasn't the least interest (= She has no interest) in the project.

The Least Said the Better

7. throw light on cast/shed/throw light on sth provide an explanation for it or information which makes it easier to understand:

As an economist, he was able to shed some light on the problem.

8. Ultimate a. [before noun] most extreme or important because either the original or final, or the best or worst:

Of course the ultimate responsibility for the present conflict without doubt lies with the aggressor. the ultimate luxury cruiser The ultimate decision about who to employ lies with Andrew.

the ultimate (noun) in sth the best or most extreme example of something: It describes the hotel as 'the ultimate in luxury'.

I mean, tackling six men single-handedly - that really is the ultimate in stupidity!

make the ultimate / supreme sacrifice FORMAL to die while fighting for a principle summit meeting the recent Geneva Summit

9. Desired a. suggested proposed mentioned

10. proceed to FORMAL to move forward or travel in a particular direction: Passengers for Athens should proceed to gate 26 for boarding.

verb [I] 1) SLIGHTLY FORMAL to continue as planned: His lawyers have decided not to proceed with the case. Preparations for the festival are now proceeding smoothly.

2) proceed to do sth to do something after you have done something else: She sat down and proceeded to tell me about her skiing holiday.

HUMOROUS He told me he was on a diet and then proceeded to eat a plateful of chips!

proceed against sb. phrasal verb LEGAL to start to take legal action against someone: Lack of evidence meant that the Council could not proceed against Mr Naylor.

11. value noun 1) [S or U] the importance or worth of something for someone: For them, the house's main value lay in its quiet country location.

They are known to place /put/set a high value on good presentation.

2) [U] how useful or important something is: The photos are of immense historical value. His contribution was of little or no practical value.

The necklace had great sentimental value. It has novelty value because I've never done anything like it before.

valuable adjective Valuable information, advice, etc. is very helpful or important.

He was able to provide the police with some valuable information. Parents gave the school valuable support in its case for getting its facilities improved.

valueless adjective not important or helpful: His comments were so general as to be nearly valueless. Invaluable, Priceless

value verb [T] to consider something important: I've always valued her advice.

valued adjective FORMAL useful and important: a valued member of staff

values plural noun the beliefs people have about what is right and wrong and what is most important in life, which control their behavior: family/moral/traditional values

face value noun [C usually singular] the value or price which is shown on, for example, a stamp, a coin or a bank note

take sth at face value to accept something for what it appears to be rather than studying it more closely: I took the offer at face value. I didn't think they might be trying to trick me

value judgment noun [C] a statement of how good or bad you think an idea or action is: People often make value judgments about things without considering them carefully.

12. Retrospect noun in retrospect thinking, now about something in the past: In retrospect, I think my marriage was doomed from the beginning. I'm sure my university days seem happier in retrospect than they really were.

retrospection noun [U] a time of retrospection. a mood of retrospection.

13. clumsy adjective 1) awkward in movement or manner: The first mobile phones were heavy and clumsy to use, but nowadays they are much easier to handle. My attempts to apologize were very clumsy (= not said well).

2) describes someone who often has accidents because they do not behave in a careful, controlled way: That's the third glass you've smashed this week, - you're so clumsy! clumsily adverb

14. facility noun [C or U] an ability, feature or quality: His facility for languages is astonishing. a phone with a memory facility

facility (BUILDING) noun [C] a place, especially including buildings, where a particular activity happens: a nuclear research facility a military facility a new sports facility

facilities plural noun the buildings, equipment and services provided for a particular purpose: shopping facilities medical facilities sports facilities

15. priority noun [C or U] something that is very important and must be dealt with before other things: The management did not seem to consider office safety to be a priority. My first/top priority is to find somewhere to live

You have to learn to get your priorities right / straight (= decide which are the most important jobs or problems and deal with them first). Mending the lights is a priority task (= more important than other jobs).

Banks normally give priority to large businesses when deciding on loans (= They deal with them first because they consider them most important). Official business requirements obviously take/have priority over personal requests (= Official business matters will be dealt with first).

16. harbour vt. (HIDE) UK, US harbor to protect someone or something bad, especially by hiding them when the police are looking for them: to harbour a criminal Our hotel room overlooked a pretty little fishing harbour.

Victoria Harbor in HK

harbor verb [T] to have in mind a thought or feeling, usually over a long period: He's been harbouring a grudge (dislike) against her ever since his promotion was refused. There are those who harbour suspicions about his motives.

17. creativity noun [U] (ALSO creativeness) Too many rules might deaden creativity. Creativity, ingenuity and flair are the songwriter's real talents.

originality noun [U] MAINLY APPROVING We were impressed by the originality of the children's work.