Southern Colonies

Colonizing Carolina Civil disrupted colonization in the 1640’s King Charles I dismissed Parliament in 1629; Cromwell had him beheaded Charles II reclaimed throne in 1660  new colony named after him in 1670 Grew food for other colonies; settlers immigrated from other colonies

Colonizing Carolina 1707 – Savannah Indians left for Pennsylvania to find better relations with the Quakers 1710 – coastal tribes were extinct Rice emerges as export crop in Carolina Premium prices were paid for West African slaves needed for cultivation. Charlestown become dominant southern seaport

Colonizing Carolina Emergence of NC – Northern part of colony attracted religious dissenters – Repelled by aristocracy of VA – “squatters” grew tobacco on farms w/o slave labor Distinctive traits – Poor, irreligious, hospitable to pirates – Isolated by geography: Outer Banks – Seperated from SC in 1712

Colonizing Carolina Constant clash with Indians – Battle the Tuscarrora in Newbern; enslaved hundreds and left others to wander – South Carolina defeated Yamasee Indians – Inland tribes were more resistant: Iroquois, Creek, and Cherokee continued to prosper

Georgia: The Buffer Colony Est. 1733; Savannah provided deep harbor Two roles: – Served as buffer between Carolinas and Spanish Florida, French Louisiana – Served as haven for debtors James Ogelthorpe: “Charity Colony” Christian tolerance (except toward Catholics)

Plantation Colonies Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia Tobacco and rice Difficult to establish churches and schools Overworked soil drove colonists westward