Greece  Evaluate the Greek culture, what influence on modern life did it have?

The Geography of Greece

Impact of Geography  Many City-States or “ Polis ”  Why?  A major city and it ’ s countryside  Independent  Shared cultural and religious focus  Citizens with and without political rights and non-citizens

Bronze Age Greece

Mycenae: The first City-State  Flourished: BCE  Warrior people: prided themselves on heroic deeds in battle  Most famous military adventures in Homer ’ s Epics  Extensive commercial network

The Mycenaean Civilization

Homer: The “ Heroic Age ”

The Mask of Agamemnon

Persian Wars: 499 BCE – 480 BCE

Persian Wars: Famous Battles  Marathon (490 BCE)  26 miles from Athens  Thermopylae (480 BCE)  300 Spartans at the Mountain pass  Salamis (480 BCE)  Athenian navy victorious

Peloponnesian Wars

Golden “ Age of Pericles ” : 460 BCE – 429 BCE

Architecture and Design  Acropolis had two distinct levels  The high city had marble temples dedicated to gods  The city below was surrounded by walls and contained :  Markets,Theatres and Houses

Acropolis

The Acropolis Today

The Parthenon

The Agora

Cultural acheivements

Athens: The Arts & Sciences  DRAMA (tragedians):  Aeschylus  Sophocles  Euripides  THE SCIENCES:  Pythagoras  Democritus  all matter made up of small atoms.  Hippocrates  “Father of Medicine”

Hellenism: The Arts & Sciences  Scientists / Mathematicians:  Aristarchus  heliocentric theory.  Euclid  geometry  Archimedes  pulley  Hellenistic Art:  More realistic; less ideal than Hellenic art.  Showed individual emotions, wrinkles, and age!

The Classical Greek “ Ideal ”

Olympia

Alexander the Great

Alexander the Great ’ s Empire

Alexander the Great in Persia

The Economy of the Hellenistic World