Jacksonian Democracy

“…the humble members of society – the farmer, mechanics, and laborers…have a right to complain of the injustice of their government. A.Jackson’s Inaugural

Democracy grows Becoming respectable Electing people like THEM Universal white manhood suffrage Caucuses vs. Conventions Involvement

Concerns of the people The Bank Currency Slavery “era of good feelings” short lived! Sectionalism v. Nationalism

Election of 1824 All Dem- Republicans 1.Andrew Jackson … Tenn. Hero of New Orleans Ran against “King Caucus” Self-made man 99 electoral college votes

2. Henry Clay “Harry of the West” “The Great Compromiser” Speaker of the H of Reps American System 37 electoral College votes

3. John Q. Adams Northeast Nationalist Sec. Of State Educated, much experience “cold fish” 84 electoral votes

4. William Crawford …GA Ill, states’ rts/strict const. 41 electoral votes No clear majority (133). 12 th Amendment says … top 3 vote getters go to House of Reps. VP is John C. Calhoun The “Corrupt Bargain”

John Quincy Adams #6 Serious nationalist No political skills Sided with Cherokees 1828 Tariff of Abominations 1828 election loses to AJ Runs for House of Reps

Andrew Jackson #7 “Old Hickory” “Let the people rule” “from the snobs to the mobs” “Hickoryites” Growing power of west True “anti-federalist”

Leader of King Mob Wanted government to be “that simple machine the constitution created.” “to the victors go the spoils “well greased political machine” “Kitchen Cabinet”

The Moneyed Monster Tolerated it until 1832 vs Clay as Nat. Rep Bank re-charter 4 years early Nicholas Biddle To veto or not to veto “The bank is killing me!”

Results … “pet” banks No regulation Specie Circular West is cash starved Clay loses big time

Tariffs and Sectionalism 1828 Tariff of Abominations SC flags at half-mast “The South Carolina Exposition” Calhoun Call for states’ rights False alarm

Webster-Haynes Debates 1830 “People not states had framed the constitution” Courts not states last word “Liberty AND Union now and forever, one and inseparable.”

The gauntlet thrown 1830 Jackson “Our Union, it must be preserved.” Calhoun “The Union – next to our liberty, the most dear.” Calhoun resigns comes back as Senator

Nullification Crisis Tariff of 1832 SC’s special convention “null and void” Force Bill Clay’s Tariff of 1833 Calhoun “First President of Southern Confederacy”

The Indians 5 Civilized Tribes … Creeks, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Cherokees, Seminoles GA, gold, Supreme Court “Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it!”

Indian Removal Act of 1830 Indian Territory 100,000 Land bought for $9 mil but charged $6 mil to move Trail of Tears … 1/3 die

Seminole Wars ( ) Osceola Guerrilla warfare $$$$ Flag of truce ignored 4/5 head to Oklahoma 300 head to swamps

Martin Van Buren # Dem. Van Buren vs. Whigs (3, Why?) “a first class second rate man” but handpicked 1837 economic slump “Van Ruin” blamed but not his fault …

William Henry Harrison # election of public relations … slogans and “supposed appearances” Tippecanoe and Tyler Too! Whigs … Harrison vs. Dem. Van Buren (Ruin) Whigs’ hope to bring back nationalistic ideas dies with Harrison. Tyler #10 will disappoint