Nonmetals Gases or brittle solids at room temperature. Low melting and boiling points [http://universe-review.ca/I13-14-sulfur.jpg] [http://www.lighthouse.chtr.k12.ma.us/periodic/periodicimages/iodine.jpg]

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Presentation transcript:

Nonmetals Gases or brittle solids at room temperature. Low melting and boiling points [ [

Nonmetals Do not conduct electricity well (insulators). [

Nonmetals Makes up most of the mass of living organisms. [

Hydrogen Exists as H 2 when alone as an element. (diatomic) Is the most abundant element in the universe. (90%) Click here for hydrogen video

Noble Gases Found in group 18 or 8A [

Noble Gases Have energy levels full of electrons. (8 valence) –Except Helium! Exist only as elements in nature, no compounds! (chemically inert) [ tructor_Resources/Chapter_09/FG09_32.JPG]

Noble Gases Useful in lighting and for insulation purposes (windows!) Some are heavier/denser than air. [ Click here for a Noble Gas Demo

Halogens Found in group 17 or 7A [

Halogens All have 7 valence electrons. React easily with Alkali Metals [

Halogens Most reactive nonmetals. Exist as diatomic molecules when alone as elements. (F 2, Cl 2, etc..) Click here for Halogen Reactivity Video [ tructor_Resources/Chapter_09/FG09_32.JPG]

Mixed Groups [

Mixed Groups Named for the element at the top of the group. Example: Group 13  Boron Group

Mixed Groups Metalloids (or semi-metals) have properties of both metals and non-metals Not Aluminum! [ y/metalloids/insert/table.gif]

Mixed Groups Carbon exists as two allotropes – different forms of the same element [ pter10/Text_Images/FG10_26.JPG]

All Carbon: Diamond vs. Graphite [

The “Super Seven” are all diatomic when alone as elements! Both Nitrogen and Oxygen are diatomic as elements (N 2 & O 2 )!