1. Elements and the Periodic Table
COLLEGE PREP EXPLORING SCIENCE

2. The Modern Periodic Table - Journal
What happens to properties when you move from left to right across the table?
What type of elements are in yellow? In green? In blue?
What is an important fact about the Actinide series?

3. The Modern Periodic Table
PROPERTIES ARE GROUPED BY COLUMNS
Example - Group (Family 1) – Alkali Metals
What is similar?

4. The Modern Periodic Table
HOW CAN WE CLASSIFY ELEMENTS?
State: solid, liquid, gas
Natural & manmade: (91 of the first 92 are natural)
METALS, NONMETALS & METALLOIDS

5. PROPERTIES METALS METALLOIDS NONMETALS All solids
Mostly solid,
Good conductors of electricity and heat
METALLOIDS
All solids
Properties between metals and nonmetals
Known as ‘semi-conductors”
NONMETALS
Solids, liquids and gases
Good insulators

6. The Modern Periodic Table
Classified by Properties
What happens to properties when you move from left to right across the table?
ELEMENTS BECOME LESS METALLIC AND MORE NON-METALLIC

7. Representative Groups
Elements in a group have SIMILAR (not identical) PROPERTIES because they have the same number of valence electrons

8. Representative Groups
ALKALI METALS (group 1):
Single valence electron
EXTREMELY REACTIVE
Reactivity increases from
top to bottom
It is not a metal, but Hydrogen is
grouped here. Why?

9. Representative Groups
ALKALINE EARTH METALS (group 2):
TWO valence electrons
Less reactive than group 1

10. Representative Groups
BORON FAMILY (group 3A):
THREE valence electrons
FYI- Aluminum is the most
abundant metal in Earth’s crust

11. Representative Groups
CARBON FAMILY (group 4A):
FOUR valence electrons
FYI- Except for water, most compounds in your body contain Carbon.

12. Representative Groups
NITROGEN FAMILY (group 5A):
FIVE valence electrons
FYI- Nitrogen and Phosphorous are used to make fertilizers.

13. Representative Groups
OXYGEN FAMILY (group 6A):
SIX valence electrons
FYI- Oxygen is the most abundant nonmetal in Earth’s crust, and Ozone is another form of oxygen.

14. Representative Groups
THE HALOGENS (group 7A):
SEVEN valence electrons
EXTREMELY REACTIVE
Reactivity increases from bottom to top
FYI- Halogen means “salt former”.

15. Representative Groups
THE NOBLE GASES (group 8A):
EIGHT valence electrons
INERT (don’t react easily)
FYI- make “neon” lights when a current is passed thru them.

16. Journal
Color in the Periodic Table given to you and color it in according to the following LIST.
Use a different color for each of the items below.
Metals
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Metals
Metalloids
Nonmetals
Halogens
Noble Gases

17. 5.1 – Journal
Check your Periodic Table