America before the Revolution. The Colonies in 1763 French & Indian War over Salutary neglect colonists viewed Parliament as supreme in regulating foreign.

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Presentation transcript:

America before the Revolution

The Colonies in 1763 French & Indian War over Salutary neglect colonists viewed Parliament as supreme in regulating foreign trade colonists believed themselves self-governing in all other ways Colonists believe they are Englishmen They are the reason the war was won No American nationalism…yet

English View of the Colonists Colonists were no help PA & NE traded with enemy Compared to dogs Ineffective, overindulged Non-conforming to mercantilist ideals.

Post-War Problems King George III Debt Salutary Neglect Western Problems

Colonial Disunity Backcountry vs East Varying economic interests (NE vs south) British Colonial Policy

Organizing Principle From British attempts to re-exert control over the colonies resulted in organized, violent, successful resistance by the colonists. Look for: Unifying factors Establishment of colonial organizational structures Types of successful resistance

Attempts to reexert control Proclamation Act of 1763 Sugar or Revenue Act of 1764 Revision of Molasses Act of 1763 Intended to raise money Protests based on two arguments Taxing vs regulation of trade Internal v external taxation

Attempts to reexert control Currency Act 1764 Quartering Act 1765 Stamp Act 1765 Leads to birth of Son’s of Liberty Stamp Act Congress Declaratory Act Townshend Acts 1767

The Boston Massacre Felt like occupied city Crowd taunts soldiers, soldiers fire back No order was given to fire, possibly an orchestrated event

Gaspee Affair Grew out of enforcement of Navigation Acts June 1772 Gaspee runs aground

Tea Act Meant to rescue East India Company from Bankruptcy Many ports prevent the tea from landing Leads to Boston Tea Party (1773) 10,000 lbs dropped in harbor British pass Coercive (Intolerable Acts) Provided colonial leaders the antagonistic response they wanted Boston Port Act Massachussets Government Act Administration of Justice Act

Effects of Intolerable Acts Support from other towns Continental Congress called in 1774 Suffolk Resolves – declares war on Britain English forbid New England from trading with any one other than Great Britain

Philosophy of revolution Shift in 1775 in how the British are viewed Religious Locke – govt protects man from each other Hobbes – without gov’t…

Taking Sides Minority revolution Patriots (1/3 pop.) Merchants, planters, laborers, back country people, Loyalists (Tories) (1/5 to ¼ pop) British office holders Merchants Lawyers with British clients Anglican ministers Slaves, native Americans Revolution? Who cares…(2/5 to 3/5 pop)

The American Revolution Lexington & Concord (1775) Bunker Hill (1775) Declaration of Causes of Taking up Arms Olive Branch Petition (1775)

Strength of both sides British Well trained, powerful navy, experienced leadership, manufacturing, population Colonial Strength Defensive war, no nerve center, moral rightness, isolation, geography, foreign alliance?

Northern Campaign