Mr Beaumont

By the end of this unit you should: Recognise a skill and define it Be able to tell the difference between skill and ability Understand motor and perceptual skills and how they underpin all skills Recognise different types of cognitive, perceptual and psycho-motor skills Classify skills of a range of continua

Mr Beaumont In pairs write down on the whiteboard what you believe are the different characteristics of skill (what makes a skill?) Learned Economic / Efficient Aesthetically pleasing Consistent Receiving and evaluating information then making correct decisions

Mr Beaumont Now in your pairs on the whiteboards write a definition of what skill is? "The learned ability to bring about predetermined results with maximum certainty, often with the minimum outlay of time or energy or both as a result of evaluating information and decision making."

Mr Beaumont What is the difference? Ability = Innate / Natural Skills = Learned Watch these two performance and answer these two questions Who has more skill? Who has more ability?

Mr Beaumont Ability is something you are born with, it is innate and stable. Abilities are enduring (long-lasting) and unchanging except through maturation (growing up) Abilities underpin the performance of skills Draw a spider diagram with examples of what you think abilities are on it Balance Speed Agility Coordination Reaction Time

Mr Beaumont There are two types of ability they are: Motor Ability: The ability to move limbs or a series of limbs successfully Motor abilities are innate Will determine coordination, balance etc.. Perceptual ability The ability to detect, identify, organise and use different types of stimuli from our senses Some examples are speed of perception, selective attention, divided attention, analysis of movement (opponents)

Mr Beaumont Cognitive – skills that involve thought process and intellectual ability. What to do, which action to use and when! Perceptual – Skills that involve selecting, interpreting and making sense of information from our senses. Psych-motor – Physical movements decided upon and controlled by the brain. Mixture of motor and perceptual. "The learned ability to bring about predetermined results with maximum certainty, often with the minimum outlay of time or energy or both as a result of evaluating information and decision making."

Mr Beaumont FOR YOUR CHOSEN SPORT/ACTIVITY IDENTIFY WHEN EACH TYPE OF SKILL WOULD BE USED DURING A PERSONAL PERFORMANCE

Mr Beaumont Tennis player waiting to return you’re your serve: Watch position of opponent, their foot position, body position, arm action etc (Perceptual) Prior knowledge about the player and their strengths and weaknesses (Cognitive) Move to play the return (Psycho-motor) Decide which shot you should play (Cognitive) Get in correct position and execute shot (Psycho-motor)

Mr Beaumont Skill are classified in to different group as performing them will vary depending on the situation The groups are: Open Closed continuum- effected by the environment Self Paced Externally paced continuum - control over rate / timing GrossFine continuum- Level or precision of fine control DiscreteSerialContinuous continuum- clear beginning and end of movement

Mr Beaumont Open skills Closed skills Unpredictable environment Predictable environment Decisions to be made No decisions - same skill

Mr Beaumont open closed

Mr Beaumont Self- paced skills Externally- paced skills Performer decides when to start Start determined by outside agency Performer decides speed of movements Speed of movement decided by others

Mr Beaumont externally self externally self

Mr Beaumont Distinct beginning and end Repetitive - no beginning and end Discrete skills Continuous skills Serial skills Series of discrete skills

Mr Beaumont serial discrete continuous

Mr Beaumont Gross skills Fine skills Uses large muscle groups Uses small muscle groups

Mr Beaumont fine gross