Social Studies Grade Final Assessment Review

Key Terms to Define  Eastern Hemisphere  Area east of the Prime Meridian up to, but not including 180 degrees line or the International Dateline  Western Hemisphere  Area west of the Prime Meridian up to, but not including 180 degrees line or the International Dateline  Northern Hemisphere  Area north of the Equator to the North Pole  Tropic of Cancer  Imaginary latitude line at 23.5 degrees North, northern boundary of the tropics

Key Terms to Define  Tropic of Capricorn  Imaginary latitude line at 23.5 degrees South, southern boundary of the tropics  International Dateline  an imaginary line of longitude on the Earth's surface located at about 180 degrees east (or west) of the Greenwich Meridian.  It is shown as an uneven black vertical line in the Time Zone Map above and marks the divide where the date changes by one day.  Geographic Grid  a pattern of imaginary lines on a map that cross each other to find an exact location  Compass Rose  A symbol showing directions on a map; usually the cardinal directions, but sometimes the intermediate directions

Key Terms to Define  Intermediate Directions  Northeast, Southeast, Northwest, Southwest  Cardinal Directions  Main direction points; North, South, East, West  Altitude (elevation)  the height of an object or point in relation to sea level  Map Key  Area on map which gives definitions/meanings to symbols placed on the map

Key Terms to Define  Southern Hemisphere  Area located south of the Equator to South Pole  Equator  Imaginary line located at 0 degrees; spot that measure how far north or south an object or location is located  What are the four continents that are a part of the Eastern hemisphere?  Europe  Africa  Asia  Australia

Compare and Contrast  Climate/Weather  Climate – the usual pattern of weather in an area over a long period of time  Weather – changes in temperature and precipitation over a short period of time  Latitude and Longitude  Latitude – parallel lines measured in degrees north and south of the Equator  Longitude – imaginary lines measured east and west of the Prime Meridian

Compare and Contrast  Physical map/Political map  Physical Map – map which shoes features of the Earth’s surface  Political Map – map which shows the boundaries of countries, cities, highways, etc.  Peninsulas/Islands  Peninsula - land surrounded by water on all sides but one  Island – body of land, smaller than a continent, completely surrounded by water

Identify the Terms  Aborigine  The name given t the original inhabitants of Australia  Afrikaans  Language spoken by many white South Africans; based off the Dutch language  Desertification  Process in which grasslands are turned into deserts  Hieroglyphics  The character writing of Ancient Egypt

Identify the Terms  Monarchy  Government controlled at the head by a king or queen  Prime Meridian  The meridian from which longitude is measured both east and west; Measures 0 degrees  Passing through Greenwich, England  Coral  Sandy reefs which surround shallow lagoons  Deforestation  Process of removing trees from forests or rain forests to make farmland

Identify the Terms  Steppes  a large area of flat unforested grassland in southeastern Europe or Siberia.  Democracy  Government where the people elect representatives to run the country or local area  Sahel  A region in West /Central Africa that forms a changing climate zone between the north and humid savannas to the south

Rivers of the Eastern Hemisphere  Po River  Runs through Italy  Europe  Danube River  Runs Germany to the Black Sea  Europe  Seine River  Runs through France  Europe  Yangtze River  Runs through China  Asia  Indus River  Runs through India and Pakistan  Asia  Ganges River  Runs through India and Bangladesh  Asia

Oceans/Mountain Ranges  5 Major Oceans of the World  Pacific  Atlantic  Indian  Arctic  Southern (north of Antarctica)  4 Major Mountain Ranges of Eastern Hemisphere  Atlas (Africa)  Alps (Europe)  Himalayas (Asia)  Balkans (E. Europe)

Purposes of a Union  There are 3 purposes of a union  To negotiate a fair wage for their workers  To keep their workers safe on their job sites  To ensure the security of their jobs

Surplus  What is a surplus? Why can it be a positive thing? Why can it be a negative thing?  Surplus: when you more than enough of something (i.e. crops)  Positive – There enough for all people share and take in  Negative – They can drive the price down because their too much of a supply and not enough of a demand  Also, product could go to waste

Word Play  Word to best describe the physical Geography of Africa.  Diverse  Word that best describes the economies of the countries of West Africa.  Wealthy

Miscellaneous Questions  What are the two most important parts (industries) of Africa’s economy?  Farming and Mining  What are the two largest continents in terms of land size (or mass)?  1 st – Asia, 2 nd - Africa  What sea lies North of the African Continent? What sea lies Northeast if the African Continent?  North - Mediterranean, Northeast – Red Sea

Test Format  Matching – 10 Questions  Short Answers – 4 Questions  True or False – 7 Questions  Must correct the false to receive credit  What Word Does Not Belong? – 5 Questions  Multiple Choice – 5 Questions  Map Skills – 5 Questions