AP Psych DMA 1.Why are children of abusive parents more likely to be aggressive? What causes this? 2.The fact that learning can occur without reinforcement.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Introduction to Psychology

Advertisements

BTEC National Children’s Play learning and Development: Unit 1Learning aim B: Understand theories and models of development and how they relate to aspects.

B.F. Skinner & Radical Behaviorism Dr. Alan Zollman Mathematical Sciences MATH 610.

Learning Haven’t we already talked about this??? What’s the difference between: Learning Knowledge Memory Education Training.

Introduction to Psychology Learning. Learning refers to an enduring change in the way an organism responds based on its experience –Distinct from Drug.

Basic Processes of Learning Chapter 4 Gray, Psychology, 6e Worth Publishers © 2010.

PSYCHOLOGY: LEARNING Learning- the process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information or behaviors.

Learning How do we learn through our environment? Classical Conditioning – Neutral stimulus acquires ability to produce a response Operant Conditioning.

Classical and Operant Conditioning Pavlov, Skinner, and YOU!

Classical Conditioning, Operant Conditioning, and Observational Learning.

Behaviorism. How do we know how to respond to different stimuli? Jumping at the sound of a loud noise. Feeling anxiety after seeing flashing police lights.

Learning & Motivation Dr Jacqui McKechnie. Learning is a relatively permanent change of behaviour or knowledge that occurs as a result of experience.

LEARNING HOW DO YOU LEARN BEST??. Ivan Pavlov and the role of Serendipity Russian physiologist studying the digestive system Focusing on what substance.

Chapter 6 LEARNING Section 1: Classical Conditioning

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Live and Learn” by the Cardigans “Learn to Fly” by the Foo Fighters.

Learning. What is Learning? The process of acquiring new and relatively enduring information Any relatively permanent change in behavior brought about.

Chapter 7: Learning 1 What is learning? A relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience First test - purpose? To assess learning First test.

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Superstitious” Steve Wonder “Live and Learn” Cardigans.

INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY

© 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Chapter 6: Learning.

Chapter 6 Learning. Table of Contents Learning Learning defined on page –Classical conditioning –Operant/Instrumental conditioning –Observational learning.

Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Big Bang Theory. I CAN Explain key features of OC – Positive Reinforcement – Negative Reinforcement – Omission Training.

Chapter 7 Learning. Classical Conditioning Learning: a relatively permanent change in behavior that is brought about by experience Ivan Pavlov: – Noticed.

Learning Theories Learning To gain knowledge, understanding, or skill, by study, instruction, or experience.

Learning. A. Introduction to learning 1. Why do psychologists care about learning? 2. What is and isn’t learning? IS: A relatively permanent change in.

Meaning of operant conditioning Skinner’s box/maze Laws of learning Operant Conditioning A Skinner’s type of learning.

Classical conditioning Video clips 609/ 609/ 2 and a half men.

Psychology: An Introduction Charles A. Morris & Albert A. Maisto © 2005 Prentice Hall Learning Chapter 6.

Chapter 7 Learning Amber Gilewski Tompkins Cortland Community College.

LEARNING: PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS Operant Conditioning.

Definition of Learning Any lasting change in behavior or mental processes that results from experience.

Chapter 9 Learning.

College Board - “Acorn Book” Course Description 7-9% Unit VI. Learning 1 VI. Learning.

Learning Principles and Applications

LEARNING  a relatively permanent change in behavior as the result of an experience.  essential process enabling animals and humans to adapt to their.

Learning Experiments and Concepts.  What is learning?

General Psychology (PY110) Chapter 4 Learning. Learning Learning is a relatively permanent change or modification in behavior due to experience or training.

Learning and Conditioning. I. The Assumptions of Behaviorism A. Behaviorists are deterministic. B. Behaviorists believe that mental explanations are ineffective.

Knock Wood! Liam Bradshaw. Radical Behaviorism ● BF Skinner ● Every situation has consequences ● reward = more likely to do again ● punishment = less.

Experimental Psychology PSY 433 Chapter 9 Conditioning and Learning.

Learning Chapter 5.

AP Psych DMA 1.In Pavlov’s experiments, the dog’s salivation triggered by the taste of food was an…. 2.An event that increases the frequency of the behavior.

Learning Psychology. Bell Activity 3/22/2013 Learning Targets: At the end of class you will be able to- -Define Classical Conditioning -Define and Identify.

Knowledge acquired in this way.

Learning Long lasting change in behavior due to experience.

Warm-Up You eat a new food and then get sick because of the flu. However, you develop a dislike for the food and feel nauseated whenever you smell it.

AP PSYCHOLOGY UNIT VI Part Two: Operant Conditioning: Reward and Punishment.

Unit 5: Learning (Behaviorism)

Unit 3.  In Unit 2, we explored the many ways in which biological processes can influence behavior.  However, as future ABA practitioners, our foremost.

CHS AP Psychology Unit 6: Learning (Behaviorism) Essential Task 6.3: Predict the effects of operant conditioning with specific attention to (primary, secondary,

Chapter 6: Learning Music: “Another Brick in the Wall” Pink Floyd “Learn to Fly” Foo Fighters.

Principles of Classical Conditioning. V-voluntary O-operant I-involuntary C-classical E-extra (no purpose. The E only completes the word)

Learning HSP3M. Conditioned Learning  Definition: Acquiring patterns of behaviour in the presence of an environmental stimulus  i.e. learning to respond.

Principles of Learning

Quiz on Cognition Today! You have a few minutes to review for your quiz today –units of thought –language –notes on memory from last class.

Learning HSP3M. Conditioned Learning  Definition: Acquiring patters of behaviour in the presence of an environmental stimulus  i.e. learning to respond.

CONDITIONING CLASSICAL AND OPERANT CONDITIONING BSN-II, RLE-II.

Chapter 6 LEARNING. Learning Learning – A process through which experience produces lasting change in behavior or mental processes. Behavioral Learning.

Happy Monday, I Missed You! Today: 1.Intro Learning 2.Learning Via Conditioning 3.Classical Conditioning 4.Pavlov HW: Read Ch. 7 pages VOCAB QUIZ.

AP PSYCH DMA 1.According to B.F. Skinner, human behavior is controlled primarily by…. 2.Define spontaneous recovery. Please write the question & answer.

What is classical conditioning? How do you think it is used?

Behavior is changed by being REINFORCED!!!!

Behavior is changed by being REINFORCED!!!!

Ch. 7: Principles of Learning

Agenda To Get: To Do: Guided notes Intro Unit 7: Learning

Presentation transcript:

AP Psych DMA 1.Why are children of abusive parents more likely to be aggressive? What causes this? 2.The fact that learning can occur without reinforcement is most clearly demonstrated in studies of _____________.

Today’s Agenda DMA Turn in FRQ # 1 & 2 Chap. 8 Finish Pavlov Skinner Homework: Chap. 8 notes due Thursday, Oct. 27 th Chap. 8 test – Thursday, Oct. 27th FRQ #3 due Monday, Oct. 24 th

Pavlov didn’t use a bell Step 1 UCS (food) UCR (salivation) Step 2 NS (metronome) + UCS (food) U CR (salivation) Step 3 Repeat step 2 several times Step 4 CS (metronome) CR (salivation)

Why the heck do we care? Think about how we explain the following: Phobias Why you dislike certain foods How advertising works What arouses you sexually The source of your emotions Why you feel anxiety before a test

Extinction… When the pairing of NS and UCS no longer happens eventually the CR goes away.

“Pavlov” & Powder What was the: UCS UCR NS CS CR

“Pavlov” & Powder What was the: UCS – powder UCR - drooling NS - “Pavlov” CS - “Pavlov” CR- drooling

Superstitious Pigeon B. F. Skinner

Discuss with a neighbor… What is the behaviorist approach to Psychology?

Clip Intro Video

Radical Behaviorist Skinner believed that EVERYTHING psychological is essentially behavioral. This belief includes both.. public, or external private, or internal (events such as feelings and thoughts)

What are some behaviors that you were punished for as a child?

In simple terms: In any given situation, your behavior is likely to be followed by consequences. Some will make behavior more likely to be repeated in the future. Reinforced. Some will tend to make the behavior less likely to be repeated in the future. Punished.

What does it mean when something goes “extinct”?

And of course, extinction When a behavior has been reinforced in the past and then the reinforcement is withdrawn the likelihood of the behavior reoccurring will slowly decrease until the behavior is effectively suppressed.

People are o.k. when this applies to Fido You use operant conditioning and positive reinforcement to train Fido to fetch. You can quit reinforcing Fido’s habit of begging at the table by not reinforcing him with food thus triggering extinction of the begging behavior.

But, of course, apply it Fred and people get antsy. Skinner maintained that all human behavior is created and maintained in precisely the same way. It is just that the exact behaviors and consequences are not always so easy to identify. According to Skinner - just because you can’t identify the reinforcer, doesn’t mean it’s not there.

What are some superstitions?

Which brings us to superstition Skinner believed that superstition occurs when people’s behavior is accidentally reinforced once Twice or even several times. Skinner called this noncontingent reinforcement A reward that is not contingent on any particular behavior.

Pigeons & superstitions Skinner boxes You saw one in the video clip Skinner’s operant chamber (box) was used, but with an important distinction the food pellet chamber was rigged to drop food at 15 second intervals regardless of what the pigeon was doing at the time. Each pigeon was placed in the cage for a few minutes each day and left alone. After several days of conditioning in this way, two independent observers recorded the birds’ behavior.

Note: None of the behaviors were observed in the pigeons before the experiment.

Results One bird turned counterclockwise in the cage, making 2 turns before the reinforcement. One repeatedly thrust its head into one of the upper corners of the cage. One developed a tossing response as if placing it head beneath an invisible bar and lifting it repeatedly. (Bobbing motion.) Two developed a pendulum motion of the head and body.

Messing with the birds Skinner increased the time interval between reinforcements for one of the head bobbing birds which actually increased the behaviors the pigeon’s bob became a full on food dance. Extinction did work on all of the birds, but the one above kept the hopping dance up for over 10,000 hops.

So what does this tell us? Superstitions are resistant to extinction. Expectations stay high that the behavior might work to produce the reinforcing consequences.

Please take out a piece of paper…

I need a volunteer… You will get wet

Please answer these questions on your paper… Was Wheeler using classical conditioning (Pavlov) or operant conditioning (Skinner)? Please identify each of these for the squirt bottle experiment. NS, UCS, UCR, CS and CR

More questions to answer on your paper… What is reinforcement? What is the difference between positive & negative reinforcement? Please give examples

What is reinforcement? Any event that increases the frequency of a preceding action. What is the difference between positive & negative reinforcement? Positive – strengthens a response by presenting a (typically) pleasurable stimulus. Food, attention, approval, money… Negative – strengthens a response by reducing or removing an averse stimulus. Taking an Aspirin for a headache, smoking a cigarette to calm down, hitting the snooze button…

Office Clip Clip

On your paper, please answer Identify the NS, UCS, UCR, CS and CR from The Office clip.

Conditioning & Gaming… Clip