Team Up, Up, and Away Final Presentation Trevor Arrasmith, Ty Bailey, Cameron Coupe, Samuel Frakes, Brandon Harris, Carolyn Mason, Soo Park, Peter VanderKley 12/10/12

Mission Overview –The objective of team Up, Up, and Away is to prove the possibility and efficacy of a balloon- mounted mechanism for cloud seeding Introduce a particle to clouds to induce precipitation Normally done by plane or fireworks –Given the proper conditions and cloud seeding substance, a balloon-mounted system will prove a cost-efficient alternative to traditional methods

Design Overview

Functional Block Diagram

- We flew two Arduino Unos instead of one - Increased the size of the box - Location of the batteries and heater - Added wind gauge and chutes to direct salt Original Design Final Design Differences from Original Design:

Recovery

Launch Events Power on: 7:08 AM Launch 7:10 AM Burst: 8:57 AM Landing: 9:30 AM (extrapolated from EOSS data) Recovery: 12:13 PM Flight time to apogee: 107 minutes Average ascension rate: 326 m/min Max Height: meters

Altitude During Flight Apogee Launch

Acceleration During Flight

Internal and External Temperature Tropopause

Pressure and Humidity Cloud Layer

Spinning quickly at launch Air too thin to get accurate readings Re-entry to thicker air Wind Voltage During Flight

Servos (14,500 meters)

Battery Voltage Voltage for Start and End of Flight SystemStartEnd Functions after flight? Sensor Arduino98.3yes Servo Arduino98.02yes External Power for Servos62.35no Heater Battery yes Heater Battery yes Heater Battery yes

Failure Analysis What failed: Servo 2 did not open Both Arduino 1 and 2 stopped recording data for a given time

Failure Analysis Why it failed: The battery supplying power for Servo 1 and 2 lost power during flight Loose wiring during decent caused power supply failure

Failure Analysis How we know: After recovery the power supply to the Servos had dropped from 6 volts to 2.4 volts Determined from the GoPro audio, Servo 1 was stuck and drained power from battery by trying to re-position itself Both Servos worked properly when given new power supply We were able to recreate the Servo jam in ground testing

Failure Analysis How we know: During decent we had small, zero-second files indicating power supply shorts Power came back to the Arduinos after decent All switches were still on at recovery and batteries could supply power Other teams recorded their Arduinos working in cold temperatures, so failure due to cold internal temperatures was ruled out

Our mechanism for cloud seeding was successful and it is also reusable We saw the release of the salt on the GoPro footage We saw that the program wrote the Servo events to the SD Card We discovered that it is possible to cloud seed from a balloon-mounted device Our mechanism was very cost-effective Conclusions

Our data told us that it is possible to relate the release of the salt to humidity, time and altitude We saw that the salt did not clump due to condensation Environmental data was what we expected Conclusions

Fresh batteries Re-secure wiring and power connections –In particular the environmental data Arduino Clear SD cards Refill salt funnels Re-seal box Should be stored upright in a dry, room- temperature environment Activated by external switches and camera buttons (activated with the “Activation Stick” Ready to Fly Again

Lessons Learned General Lessons: Secure and re-secure each component Even LEDs need resistors Don’t be afraid to use both Arduinos Don’t confirm mass budget last minute For Results: Test and retest all components –Ensure that the programming runs consistently

Compliance with RFP All required sensors recorded flight data Additional sensor (anemometer) Digital camera Switches to turn on power Lights to indicate power is running Exceeded original mass budget but with prior approval Did not exceed budget of $250 American flag sticker and contact information Returned in working condition Inside of box stayed above -10 degrees Celsius

Requirement 0.0: Prove the possibility and efficiency of a balloon-mounted mechanism for cloud seeding #RequirementCompliance Test the effectiveness and reliability of the funnel dispersing system of B.O.S.S. One system was successful during flight; one wasn’t 0.0.1Integrate the Servos to the ArduinoSuccessful Set the servos to disperse the salt powder in the funnels to at 20 minutes and 30 minutes, respectively. Successful 0.0.3Use cameras to monitor and confirm salt dispersalSuccessful Optimize the weight of the satellite such that the amount of salt that can be carried is maximized Successful Compare the cost and the reliability data of B.O.S.S. to other conventional cloud seeding methods Successful; our method was far cheaper than traditional methods Integrate the digital camera and the GoPro to B.O.S.S. (charged and memory cards cleared) Successful Perform duration tests in order to ensure functionality for entire flight Testing was successful Mission Requirement Matrix

Mass and Money Budgets ItemQuantityCostWeightPlace of Purchase 9V batteries5-190 gWal-Mart Mighty Mini Servo (HS-225MG) 4 (2 Backups) $ gServocity.com Aluminum Bare Sheet0.5 meters gSpace Grant Tin Funnels (8996T12) 2$ gMcmaster.com Sodium Chloride Powder108.5 grams-100gKing Soopers Mathmos Wind Light (Part # not available) 1$ gLamplust.com GoPro1-150 gProvided (by student) Canon Camera1-130 gProvided Arduino Unos (2)2-158 gProvided Heater gProvided Foam Core and Insulation2 sheets-245 gProvided U.S. Flag1-0.7gProvided Hot Glue2 sticks-6gProvided Aluminum Tape2 meters-26gProvided Paperclips2-5gProvided Total $ ,240g

Messages to Next Semester Be prepared to do a large amount of work Be creative with your design but keep it simple Make a detailed test plan, the earlier the better Get help from Tim May and from Space Grant Leave lots of time for failures with your satellite Work as a team