Classification The organization of living things Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia DOMAIN EUKARYA DOMAIN ARCHAEA DOMAIN.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Classification.

Advertisements

CLASSIFICATION ADDING ORDER.

Chapter 18.  The science of naming and classifying living things.

Classification of Living Things

18-1 Finding Order in Diversity

Biology WarmUp: Copy ALL of these assignments into your binder Including dates, WarmUps, InClass assignments AND page numbers! April 20 WarmUp: Agenda.

History of Classification

Georgia Performance Standards:

Classification of Life

Taxonomy The classification of living things…. There may be over 100 million different living things on Earth. Less than 2 million have been classified.

Ch 18- Classification Why do biologists organize living organisms into groups that have biological meaning? Study the diversity of life Use classification.

Classification This is Panorpa japonica. Commonly known as the scorpion fly.

Go to Section: Order From Chaos When you need a new pair of shoes, what do you do? You probably walk confidently into a shoe store, past the tens or hundreds.

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Systematics the study of the diversity of organisms and their evolutionary relationships Taxonomy – the science of naming, describing, and classifying.

Classification of Organisms

Order From Chaos When you need a new pair of shoes, what do you do? You probably walk confidently into a shoe store, past the tens or hundreds of pairs.

Go to Section: Order From Chaos When you need a new pair of shoes, what do you do? You probably walk confidently into a shoe store, past the tens or hundreds.

Interest Grabber Section 18-1 Order From Chaos

18-1 Finding Order in Diversity

Why Classify? What’s in a name?  In order to name and group organisms in a logical manner we must arrange them according to similarities and differences.

Chapter 18 – Classification

Classification of Life

Classical Taxonomy & Molecular Phylogeny [ ] SPI 5 Apply evidence from the fossil record, comparative anatomy, amino acid sequences, and DNA structure.

Classification. Linnaeus’s System of Classification Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species Linnaeus was the scientist who developed scientific.

Essential question: How and why do we classify organisms?

Taxonomy The science of naming and classifying organisms.

Chapter 18 Classification. Order From Chaos When you need a new pair of shoes, what do you do? You probably walk confidently into a shoe store, past the.

Chapter 18 Classification.

Classification Section 18.2 & Phylogeny: Evolutionary relationships among organisms Biologists group organisms into categories that represent lines.

Classification Review

Classification.

Introduction to Taxonomy. Why Classify? To study the diversity of life, biologists use a classification system to name organisms and group them in a logical.

Classification Chapter 18.

CLASSIFICATION NOTES.

Principles of Taxonomy (chapter 18, page 446) Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms based on their characteristics. Why is a system of classification.

Classification Chapter 1.4. Vocabulary 1. taxonomy 2. binomial nomenclature 3. classification 4. domain 5.Eubacteria 6. Archaebacteria 7. Eukarya 8. Protista.

Chapter 18-1: Finding Order in Diversity Essential Questions: How are living things organized for study? What is binomial nomenclature? How does Linnaeus’s.

1 Classification Chapter Order From Chaos When you need a new pair of shoes, what do you do? You probably walk confidently into a shoe store, past.

Chap 18- Classification Natural selection and other processes have led to a staggering diversity of organisms Biologists have identified and named about.

Introduction to Taxonomy

Chapter 18 Classification. Classifying A great diversity of organisms requires a universal way to name them Taxonomy – allows biologists to name and classify.

Why do we organize all of the species into categories?

Classification To avoid confusion caused by regional names, biologists use a classification system to group organisms in a logical manner and to assign.

Chapter 18 Classification. Section 18-1 Why Classify? Because of the diversity and number of organisms on planet Earth. Each organism need a name, and.

Classification Finding Order in Diversity Life on Earth Life on Earth Changing for >3.5 billion years 1.5 million species named million species.

Classification. Why classify? Life on Earth is constantly changing (evolution)Life on Earth is constantly changing (evolution) Scientists have identified.

Mikael Mara CLASSIFICATION. Species A species is a population of organisms that share similar characteristics and can breed with one another, producing.

Classification Notes. Taxonomy Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms Biologists organize livings.

TAXONOMY & CLASSIFICATION. SCIENTIFIC NAMES Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms and assigning each an official name Early methods described.

18-1 Finding Order in Diversity

Classification.

Classification of Living Things

Chapter 12: Classification

The organization of living things

Classification aka Taxonomy

18-1 Finding Order in Diversity

Section Outline 18–1 Finding Order in Diversity A. Why Classify?

To be successful today…

Classification Organizing Life.

Finding Order in Diversity

copyright cmassengale

Chapter 18: Classification

Copyright Pearson Prentice Hall

Finding Order in Diversity

Chapter 18 Classification.

Classification Chapter 18.

What is the difference between a mountain lion cougar and puma?

Classification.

Presentation transcript:

Classification The organization of living things Kingdoms Eubacteria Archaebacteria Protista Plantae Fungi Animalia DOMAIN EUKARYA DOMAIN ARCHAEA DOMAIN BACTERIA

Taxonomy Taxonomy is the system scientist use to name organisms & put living things into groups Organisms are grouped by how closely related they are.

Binomial nomenclature Each organism is given a unique scientific name The name has 2 parts: genus species The genus is always capitalized and the species is not, both are either underlined or in italics –E.g.: Usrus arctor – the grizzly bear why do you think this naming system was developed?

Hierarchical system of classification There are 8 levels of organization The largest level, Domain is the most inclusive –Domain, kingdom, phylum/division, class, order, family, genus, species

Grizzly bearBlack bearGiant panda Red fox Abert squirrel Coral snake Sea star KINGDOM Animalia PHYLUM Chordata CLASS Mammalia ORDER Carnivora FAMILY Ursidae GENUS Ursus SPECIES Ursus arctos Classification of Ursus arctos What criteria do you think was used to narrow down each category?

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON VISIBLE SIMILARITIES CLADOGRAM AppendagesConical Shells Crab Barnacle Limpet Crab Barnacle Limpet CrustaceansGastropod Molted exoskeleton Segmentation Tiny free-swimming larva Living things are groups by their line of evolutionary descent. A picture called a cladogram is used to show how organisms are related and what characteristics separate different groups Phylogeny Read this cladogram from the bottom up. The traits shown apply to everything above it. Each branch represents a different linage. The lowest line represents a common ancestor.

Macromolecules & classification In the past biologist could only look at physical & behavioral characteristics to classify organisms Now we can use: RNA, DNA (nuclear & mitochondrial) and proteins The more genes organisms have in common the more closely related they are Which sets of mammals are the most closely related? Those the top two animals look alike they are not closely related.

Molecular Clock By comparing differences in amino acid sequences in the same protein found in different species scientist can figure out how long ago they diverged from a common ancestor (DNA & RNA can also be used)

To paraphrase As you know radiometric dating is very helpful in determining the age of fossils. We can also use the rate of genetic mutations to construct a molecular clock that can give us information about how long ago two linages diverged. As you saw with the amino acid lab, species that are more closely related have more similarities in their DNA.

Summary Review 1.What is the classification of living things called? 2.What is it called when biologist group things by evolutionary lines? 3.What is a drawing of the evolutionary tree? Examine this chart and cladogram. You should be able to construct your own cladogram using a similar type of chart.