Today’s Agenda:  Review Panama Canal answers  Intro to WWI

The Great War (World War I)

The three “isms” causing tension in Europe (early 1900’s):  Nationalism—pride in your country.  Imperialism—competition over colonies.  Militarism—building up a large military.

Creation of an Alliance System TTriple Alliance: Germany Austria-Hungary Italy TTriple Entente: France Great Britain Russia

The “spark” that starts the Great War:  June 28, 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary) is assassinated by a Serbian nationalist in the city of Sarajevo (capital of Bosnia).

Declaration of War  Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia because of the assassination.  Russia mobilizes army to protect Serbia.  Germany declares war on Russia…  Alliance system creates huge conflict

World War I Weapons:  Trenches  Barbed wire  Machine guns  Poison gas

Weapons continued…  U-boats  Airplanes  tanks

USA ROLE IN WWI:  =NEUTRALITY  German U- Boat sinks the Lusitania off the coast of Ireland.  Election of 1916: Woodrow Wilson wins re-election (“He Kept Us Out of War”)

United States enters World War I  What caused the USA to enter WWI? Spring 1917— Germany resumes unrestricted warfare against ships in the Atlantic. The Zimmerman Note—Germany asks Mexico to attack the United States. April 6, 1917: USA declares war on Germany

End of WWI  U.S. troops help turn tide of war in favor of the Allies.  Armistice (an agreement to stop fighting) is signed November 11, (11 th hour of the 11 th day of the 11 th month)

End of War cont…  President Wilson’s 14 Points were his ideas for peace and ways to prevent future wars.  Most important of his 14 was the creation of a League of Nations. The League would help solve future world problems peacefully.

 Today’s agenda: Life in America during WWI  Bell Ringer: Explain how the war in Afghanistan has impacted your daily life.

The Home Front in WWI  Women’s Role: Working in factories Taking typical “men’s roles”

Women Workers, WWI

The home font cont…  The Selective Service Act: Required men between the ages of to register for the military draft This was done to raise an army to fight.

The Draft lottery, WWI

Home front cont….  Liberty bonds Savings bonds that Americans could purchase to help raise $$ for the war effort. “the four minute men”/celebrities $21 billion raised

Home front cont… Food and Industry  “Food will win the war”  War gardens encouraged to conserve food  The Government tells factories what to produce

Home front cont…  Anti-German feeling: German names change (people and things) “liberty cabbage”- sauerkraut

Peace Conference at Versailles, France  The Big Four (Wilson, Orlando from Italy, Lloyd George from Great Britain, and Clemonceau from France) meet to discuss peace and what to do with Germany.  Wilson warns against severe punishment; other leaders want to really hurt Germany.

Treaty of Versailles  1. Germany must take blame for the war.  2. Germany must pay huge reparations (payment for war damages)—300 billion dollars.  3. Germany must reduce size of military.  4. Germany stripped of its colonies.  5. A League of Nations is created.

 UNITES STATES SENATE NEVER SIGNS THE TREATY FOR FEAR THAT A LEAGUE OF NATIONS WOULD DRAG THE UNITED STATES INTO FUTURE WARS.