Opening Question (10/21 and 10/22) 3, 2, 1 Activity on Today’s Lesson3, 2, 1 Activity on Today’s Lesson –Name 1 ‘pass’ that allows land access to India –Name 2 twin cities of the Indus Valley Civilization –Name 3 ways that the Indo-Aryan Beliefs influenced the religion of Hinduism in India –Name 2 Main Beliefs of the Hinduism –Name 1 Mountain Range that separates India and China 1)ISHMAEL ASSIGNMENT #3 is/was due 2)World Sim Activity #1 needs to be completed in full by November 10 th (Further guidelines and instructions are on the world simulation wikispaces page) 3)Do not forget that your First Quarter Project is due by November 5 th (Regardless if it is an A or B Day…)

The Mauryan and Gupta Empires in India 10/21 and 10/22

The Maurya Empire 321 BCE – 185 BCE Used elephants and chariots in their armies to build an empire stretching from the Ganges River to the Hindu Kush

Chandragupta : 321 BCE-298 BCE  Unified northern India with an army of 60,000  Built a large palace at Paliputra  Divided his empire into provinces, then districts for tax assessments and law enforcement.  He feared assassination  food tasters, slept in different rooms, etc.  301 BCE  gave up his throne and devoted rest of life to religion…

Asoka (304 – 232 BCE)  Religious conversion from Hinduism to Buddhism after the gruesome battle of Kalinga in 262 BCE.  Dedicated his life to the Buddhist concept of “ahimsa”:-respect for living things.  Built extensive roads w/ rest stops, hospitals to improve social conditions in India  Send Buddhist missionaries to Sri Lanka and then throughout the rest of Asia Big thing to remember – He is responsible for spreading Buddhism to East Asia

Asoka’s Empire

Asoka’s law code  Edicts scattered in more than 30 places in India, Nepal, Pakistan, & Afghanistan.  Written mostly in Sanskrit, but one was in Greek and Aramaic.  10 rock edicts.  Each pillar [stupa] is 40’-50’ high.  Buddhist principles dominate his laws.

Famous symbol of Asoka- Lion capital on a column where the Buddha his first sermon. The wheel is depicted on the flag of India in modern times

Fall of Asoka’s empire leads to division 220 BCE – 320 CE The Maurya Empire divides into many kingdoms.

Gupta Empire: 320 CE – 647 CE Bay of Bengal to the Arabian Sea Favored Hinduism over Buddhism GOLDEN AGE OF ANCIENT INDIA

Gupta Rulers  Chandra Gupta I  Ruled 320–335 CE  Rule marks the beginning of the ‘Golden_Age’  “Great King of Kings”  Hindu revival – return to mostly Hinduism  Chandra Gupta II  ruled CE  Profitable trade with the Mediterranean world  Huge supporter of the arts  Huns invade  – 450 CE and further divide empire empire

Chandra Gupta 11

International Trade Routes during the Guptas

Extensive Trade: 4 th century CE Extensive Trade: 4 th century CE spices spices gold & ivory rice & wheat horses cotton goods silks

Gupta Art Greatly influenced Southeast Asian art & architecture.

PanchatantraPanchatantra Fables from the Gupta period Morals included traits like adaptability, shrewdness, and determination Translated more than any other book except the Bible Influenced many stories across the world  During the reign of Chandra Gupta II.

Medicine Literature Mathematics & Astronomy Printed medicinal guides 1000 diseases classified Plastic Surgery C-sections performed Inoculations 500 healing plants identified Decimal System 1-9 Algebra PI= Solar Eclipses 7 planets Indian cultural Achievements Panchitantra 0 Earth’sRotation Setting bones Art & Architecture Carvings and Statues Temples & Stupas Education Formal education of upper castes Nalanda University

The Decline of the Guptas *Empire became de-centralized as time passed Invasions from the Huns consistently drained the economy of the Gupta Empire Invasions from the Huns consistently drained the economy of the Gupta Empire By 550 AD the Gupta Empire had fallen apart and India had many regional kingdoms instead of one Empire By 550 AD the Gupta Empire had fallen apart and India had many regional kingdoms instead of one Empire

Foldable Directions You have the rest of class to finish this and it must be completed by the time you walk out the door or you will have HW… You have the rest of class to finish this and it must be completed by the time you walk out the door or you will have HW…  –Please keep it simple and to the point… don’t try to fluff it or put every little detail in it. –This is to help you and if it is good I will let you use it on the India Quiz at the end of the unit –This is to help you and if it is good I will let you use it on the India Quiz at the end of the unit

End of Day Question (10/21/10) Please write a three sentence description of the following two…Please write a three sentence description of the following two… –Asoka –Gupta Empire Biome and Topography lessons for World Simulation start next week in Science Classes (A1 will be pulled on Wed out of my class for the topography lesson)Biome and Topography lessons for World Simulation start next week in Science Classes (A1 will be pulled on Wed out of my class for the topography lesson)