12.1 Notes – Causes of Communicable Diseases disease – any condition that interferes with the proper function of the body or mind communicable disease – (contagious) a disease that can be spread to a person from another person, an animal, or an object noncommunicable disease – not contagious germs – organisms that are so small that the can be seen only through a microscope Are all germs bad for you? no

12.1 Notes – Causes of Communicable Diseases pathogens – the germs that are responsible for causing disease infection – a condition that occurs when pathogens enter the body, multiply, and damage body cells 4 types of pathogens:

12.1 Notes – Causes of Communicable Diseases 4 types of pathogens: viruses – the smallest and simplest disease-causing organism bacteria – tiny one-celled organisms that live nearly everywhere fungi – primitive life-forms, such as molds or yeast, that cannot make their own food (athlete’s foot) protozoa – one-celled organisms that have a more complex structure than bacteria

12.1 Notes – Causes of Communicable Diseases 2 microscopic pathogens: viruses bacteria 2 macroscopic pathogens: fungi protozoa

12.1 Notes – Causes of Communicable Diseases Pathogens and the diseases they cause: Viruses: AIDS, chicken pox, colds, hepatitis, herpes, influenza, measles, mononucleosis, mumps, polio, rabies, smallpox, viral pneumonia Bacteria: Bacterial pneumonia, diphtheria, most foodborne illnesses, gonorrhea, Lyme disease, pinkeye, step throat, tuberculosis Fungi: Athlete’s foot, ringworm Protozoa: Amebic dysentery, malaria

12.1 Notes – Causes of Communicable Diseases How can pathogens spread? Getting bitten by an infected animal Sexual contact Sharing blood Drinking or eating something after someone is sick E-coli, food poisoning Kissing, touching Sneezing, coughing