1. Diseases
Infectious diseases=organisms that enter, live in and multiply within the body
Pathogens=organisms that cause disease
*If they enter your body and multiply they
create an infection and you develop a disease

2. Pathogens
Bacteria=simple, single celled organisms that live almost anywhere (air, surfaces, food)
Under a microscope, they look like balls or rods. They are so small that a line of 1,000 could fit across a pencil eraser. Most bacteria won't hurt you less than 1 percent makes people sick. Many are helpful. Some bacteria help to digest food and destroy disease-causing cells. Bacteria are also used in making healthy foods like yogurt and cheese.
Bacterial diseases=Strep Throat, Food poisoning, and meningitis

3. Viruses
The smallest pathogens, can multiply only by entering a living cell and taking over the cells reproductive mechanisms, resulting in cell death.
Viral diseases have no cure so the body must fight off the infection
Viral infections=common cold, HIV, AIDS

4. Protozoan
Single-celled organisms that have the ability to move through fluids in search of food.
Protozoan diseases=Toxoplasmosis, malaria,
amoebic dysentery

5. Cured with antifungal creams or sprays
Fungi
Simple organisms related to molds that live in dark warm moist areas.
Fungal Infections=athletes foot, ringworm
yeast infection
Cured with antifungal creams or sprays

6. Body Defenses Against Diseases
Your body protects itself from infection in 3 ways.
Physical & Chemical defenses
Inflammation
Immune System

7. Physical & Chemical Defenses
Skin=1st line of defense
Sweat=contains acids that kill bacteria
Mouth, eyes, nose=contains mucous membranes
Cilia=tiny hair like structures that line air passages
Stomach acids=acid kills bacteria
Digestive Tract=flushes away bacteria
Urine=kills pathogens with acid

8. Body’s response to all cuts and
Inflammation
Body’s response to all cuts and
internal damage
Phagocytes=W.B.C. eat up foreign cells and kill
unwanted pathogens, gives off a clear liquid or pus

9. Most sophisticated line of defense
Immune system
Most sophisticated line of defense
Can seek out and destroy pathogens
“B” Cells “T” Cells
Generals Soldiers

10. Spread of Infectious Disease
Direct Contact=touching, hugging, kissing, sex
Indirect Contact=sneezing, coughing, contact
with infected person’s blood
Contact w/objects=doorknobs, eating &
drinking utensils contaminated food & drink
Contact w/animals=bites, tick, mosquito, animal
Contact w/Enviro. Sources=tetanus, salmonella
botulism

11. Infectious Diseases Common Cold No Cure,
spread by touching contaminated objects
coughing and sneezing
Lasts 3-7 days
VIRUS

12. Influenza No Cure, Spreads like the common cold
Airborne droplets and contaminated objects
Fever, sore throat, body aches, cough
Vaccine available Every Year
VIRUS

13. Pneumonia Infection of the lungs Chronic Coughing
VIRUS, BACTERIA, FUNGI

14. Rubella Known as Germen Measles Fever, rash, coughing, sneezing,
sore throat, swollen glands
Vaccine
VIRUS

15. Hepatitis Inflammation of the Liver Fever, nausea, pain in abdomen,
jaundice, brown urine,
Symptoms appear 3-6 weeks after exposure
Hep. A=contaminated food & water
Hep. B=contaminated blood & body fluids
VACCINE is available
Hep. C=contaminated blood & body fluids
Most Dangerous

16. Tuberculosis Highly contagious infection that infects the lungs.
Transmitted by coughing or sneezing.
Fatigue, weight loss fever, chronic cough.
Treatment=medications up to a year
BACTERIA

17. Mononucleosis
Infection causes swollen lymph nodes, tonsils, and spleen.
Sever sore throat, extreme fatigue
3-6 weeks for symptoms to come to an end.
Spread through saliva
VIRUS