An Era of Social Change
DONOW What does a group needs to do to get the attention of the government in order to bring about change? After the Civil Rights Movement what other groups do you think needed to fight for equality?
The Latino Struggle for Equality Dramatic population increase 3mil-9mil during the 1960s Diverse group: Chicanos, braceros (temporary laborer) Puerto Ricans, Cubans, Colombians… Discrimination Segregation and poverty: barrios (neighborhood)
The Farm Worker Movement 1962 Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta established the National Farm Workers Association which eventually became UFWOC or the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee Used nonviolence techniques such as boycotts, strikes, and fasting 7GCCBIgFaQhttp:// 7GCCBIgFaQ
Advancements in Educational Programs 1940s-1950s: LULAC (League of United Latin American Citizens) won court cases against segregation 1968: Congress enacts the Bilingual Education Act which provided funds for schools to develop bilingual and cultural heritage programs for non-English speaking students 1968: the Brown Berets organize walkouts in E. LA schools to protest inequities in education
Political Gains The Mexican American Political Association (MAPA) sponsored candidates, registered and educated voters, and lobbied for legislation 1970: La Raza Unida, a group established by Jose Angel Gutierrez, helped get Latino candidates elected in 5 states and numerous state and local elections Reies Tijerina founded the Alianza Federal de Mercedes to help reclaim U.S. land taken from Mexican landholders in the 1800s.
The Women’s Movement Women get the right to vote in 1920 with the ratification of the 19 th Amendment However, women still could not enjoy the same freedoms as men. Their “place was in the home” Public vs. Domestic spheres
Women and men should be equal before the law. Women and men should be valued equally by society. Changes in the law and in society need to be made to ensure a better life for women. Violence and repression against women worldwide needs to end. The Women’s Movement Goals
“Feminism is the radical concept that women are people” - Cheris Kramarae and Paula Treichler True or False? 1. Feminists hate men 2.Feminists are all Pro-choice 3.Feminists are bra-burners 4.Feminists don’t respect stay-at-home mothers These are all stereotypes.
Second Wave Feminism 1960s-1980s The Feminine Mystique by Betty Friedan NOW: National Organization for Women founded in 1966 Protests Gloria Steinem founded National Women’s Political Caucus founded Ms. magazine
Do Now How have the roles of women changed since the 1950’s? Explain.
Legal and Social Gains Reproductive freedom: -Availability of birth control -Roe v. Wade Maternity leave Equal Opportunities: -Employment -Education -Athletics Equal Rights Amendment (ERA): -First introduced in Purpose was to guarantee that both men and women would enjoy the same rights and protections under the law -Congress passed in Only 35 of 38 states ratified -Wasn’t enough and the ERA failed
Working Women Today
111 th Congress -17 female Senators (including Hillary Clinton) -74 female Representatives in the House -Women’s representation in Congress now equals a record breaking 17%. -Overall, women make up just 25% of the elected officials in this country Women in Politics
What if the Equal Rights Amendment had been ratified? Speculate on how women’s lives might have been different. Use reasons to support your answer Should it be passed? ERA Explained