Minimizing Risks from Introduction of New Shrimp Species Pornlerd Chanratchakool AAHRI, Dept. of Fisheries, BKK. Thailand.

Why introduced Too many problems with the old species Sound more profitable Better performance Easy to adopt the culture system Less disease problem

Major risks Risk from disease Causing serious disease problem New diseases Impact on the other diseases Causing biodiversity problems ?? Causing market problem Causing residue problem indirectly

Risks from shrimp disease Causing market problem Spreading disease to importing country To avoid that : Required screening/ testing/ certification system Production cost will be higher Loosing competitiveness

Can we prevent the importation ? Very difficult Especially we have open boarder Too many entry points Less restrict in some points Law enforcement ?? Can not be apply effectively Therefore, we can not stop completely

If not; what is the possible way ? Allow to import under some restrictions?? May be better Developed new law / improved existing law and implemented ?? May be late Set up the quarantine/certification system ?? Implemented disease surveillance system ?? Followed the regional guideline

Quarantine and Certification It was 25 years ago when the subject fish diseases in South East Asia was first discussed in a regional meeting held in Indonesia in Since then, there are a number of both national and regional meetings to discuss issues concerning quarantine/certification, disease and other impacts of the international movement of aquatic animals.

What is the outcome? There are many documents were published and disseminated to the target groups.

obligatory 158 Member Governments Office International des Epizooties – World Animal Health Organization  OIE Aquatic Animal Health Code  OIE Diagnostic Manual for Aquatic Animal Diseases

“ Technical Guidelines ”  Guiding Principles  List of Pathogens  Disease Diagnosis  Health Certification and Quarantine Measures  Disease Zoning  Disease Surveillance and Reporting  Contingency Planning  Import Risk Analysis  National Strategies and Regulatory Frameworks  Capacity Building  Implementation

 Beijing Consensus and Implementation Strategy  Manual of Procedures for the Implementation of the ‘ Technical Guidelines ’  Asia Diagnostic Guide to Aquatic Animal Diseases

Setting up “National programme on aquatic animal health quarantine and certification” Working group/committee on aquatic animal health quarantine and certification at the national level has form. It included representatives from various agencies who are involve. Developed “The National Disease Control Plan”

National Disease Control Plan Disease surveillance and monitoring Emergency Planning to control and eradicate the disease outbreak List of diseases to be controlled by regional agreement Risk assessment Diseases eradication and disinfecting procedures Law and regislation to control the diseases Quarantine : Import/Export regulation

Asia-Pacific Quarterly Aquatic Animal Disease (QAAD) Reporting System  With OIE Regional Representation for Asia-Pacific (Tokyo)  1997 OIE list + some diseases important in Asia-Pacific region  Commenced in 1998/3  14 quarterly issues published to-date

Quarantine: Importation of live aquatic animals (P.vannamei) for specific purpose (selective breeding program only) 1. Imported premise approval Make a request for farm inspection to DOF Inspectors visit the farm FailPass Inspectors give advice Go to step II

Quarantine: Importation of live aquatic animals II. Make a request for an import permit Make a request for an import permit DOF checks all documents, health, species and origin FailPass Advice is given Go to step III

Quarantine: Importation of live aquatic animals III. on arrival Company notifies the quarantine officers 2days in advance before arrival arrival Quarantine officers check documents and shrimp (Level I) Shrimp are kept in the quarantine area in the company/farm Inform health inspectors Health inspectors observe the shrimp and collect specimen for laboratory disease detection Lab results Fail, shrimp will be destroyed Pass, no diseases detected Still keep the shrimp until 3 weeks quarantine before distribution

If disease (notifiable/important) found Report to OIE (NACA-FAO Body), then will informed the members Destroy stocks Contained in control facility Avoiding contact with others Monitoring Eradication Cost for set up the system to monitor and eradication program will be very high

Constraint Many countries still can’t comply with relevant regional or international agreements and treaties as they don’t have the required capacity Thus, many international protocols, which governs aquatic animal health management, can’t be effectively applied in ASEAN yet Many proven success stories in other parts of the world will not be successful in Asia, without carefully adapting them to regional and local situations Therefore, each country need to agree and implement on a minimum standard for import and export regulation esp. on quarantine procedure

Thanks you for your attentions !!!