COLD WAR ONLY TWO WINNERS IN WORLD WAR II: UNITED STATES AND SOVIET UNION Nikita

COLD WAR ONLY TWO WINNERS IN WORLD WAR II: UNITED STATES AND SOVIET UNION The US post-war goals: –... encourage the growth of democracy –... gain access to European markets –... rebuild Europe –... reunite Germany

COLD WAR ONLY TWO WINNERS IN WORLD WAR II: UNITED STATES AND SOVIET UNION The US post-war goals: –... encourage the growth of democracy –... gain access to European markets –... rebuild Europe –... reunite Germany The USSR post-war goals: – … control eastern Europe – … encourage the growth of communism – … rebuild the USSR – … keep Germany divided

The Cold War divided the world in half – Those allied with the US – Those allied with the USSR (Soviet Union) COLD WAR

“Containment “Containment” not allowing communism spread 1946

“Containment “Containment” not allowing communism spread 1946 “Iron Curtain” had fallen across Europe – Winston Churchill, 1946

Marshall Plan American initiative to aid Europe, in which the United States gave economic support to help rebuild European economies after the end of World War II To prevent the spread of Soviet Communism

Germany Berlin Blockade and Airlift

the Soviet Union blocked the railway, road, and canal access to the sectors of Berlin under Allied control Their aim was to become the supplier of food, fuel, and aid to Berlin

United Nations Founded in order to avoid conflict. United States, Soviet Union, China…

United Nations Founded in order to avoid conflict. United States, Soviet Union, China… Today the United Nations has expanded: Declaration of Human rights “a common standard of Achievement…”

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949 Western Democratic nations allied with one another to provided collective security. COLD WAR ALLIANCES

NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization western Democratic nations allied with one another and provided collective security. Warsaw Pact 1955 USSR and its allies’ answer to NATO United the communist countries of Eastern Europe COLD WAR ALLIANCES

Arms Race

Brinkmanship “Brinkmanship” – Trim the Army and Navy – Expand the Air Force – Buildup of nuclear bombs The Soviet Union followed suit

The Berlin Wall (Germany)  Germans were escaping the Communist East  Nikita Khrushchev wanted to stop the flood of people John F. Kennedy and the Cold War

The Berlin Wall (Germany)  Germans were escaping the Communist East  Nikita Khrushchev wanted to stop the flood of people  The Berlin Wall was constructed  It became the symbol of Communist oppression Nikita John F. Kennedy and the Cold War

Cuban Missile Crisis October, 1962 Soviet Union begins to move nuclear missiles into Cuba &index=2 John F. Kennedy and the Cold War

Cuban Missile Crisis October, 1962 Soviet Union begins to move nuclear missiles into Cuba Kennedy tells Khrushchev and Fidel Castro (Cuba) to remove them…or else. John F. Kennedy and the Cold War

Cuban Missile Crisis October, 1962 After 13 days the USSR began to remove the missiles The United States and the Soviet Union were hours away from Nuclear War. John F. Kennedy and the Cold War

The Cuban Missile Crisis

“Duck and Cover” Fall Out Shelters

McCarthyism and the Red Scare Senator Joseph McCarthy Became very popular with unproven charges Hollywood producers, other congressmen, anyone that disagreed with his politics became targets Then he attacked the U.S. Army…