US H ISTORY Chapter 11 Section 1

P OLITICS G ETS U GLY The Election of 1824 From , there was only one party: the Jeffersonian Republicans 4 Candidates emerged in the election of 1824 Favorite son – a candidate who receives the backing of their home state but not the party William H. Crawford – the Republican party candidate Andrew Jackson – Tennessee war hero Henry Clay – Kentucky Speaker of the House John Quincy Adams – Massachusetts son of John Adams Jackson won the majority – more than half Plurality – the largest single share Thus, the vote needed to be decided by the House

M AP O VERLAY 5

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M AP O VERLAY 5B

M AP O VERLAY 5C

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P OLITICS G ETS U GLY The Election of 1824 From , there was only one party: the Jeffersonian Republicans 4 Candidates emerged in the election of 1824 Favorite son – a candidate who receives the backing of their home state but not the party William H. Crawford – the Republican party candidate Andrew Jackson – Tennessee war hero Henry Clay – Kentucky Speaker of the House John Quincy Adams – Massachusetts son of John Adams Jackson won the majority – more than half Plurality – the largest single share Thus, the vote needed to be decided by the House “Corrupt Bargain – Clay told Adams he would use his influence to get him elected if he was named Secretary of State (It worked, and he was) Washington D.C. – Adams began his Presidency by enforcing a very involved and strong government

T IME FOR C HANGE Election of 1828 – the Republicans split into 2 groups Democratic-Republicans – or “Democrats” Favored States Rights Weak Central Government National Republicans Strong Central Government Federal projects (roads, National Bank) Mudslinging- attempts to ruin the opponent’s reputation with insults New: Election slogans, buttons, and events Andrew Jackson won the Presidency John C. Calhoun – Adams’ Vice President switched sides and ran with Jackson Landslide – overwhelming victory

“O LD H ICKORY ” AS P RESIDENT Andrew Jackson – American ideal for leader Patriot, war hero, formerly poor family Nickname “Old Hickory” – tough as a hickory stick Promised “equal protection and benefits” (for white men) Suffrage – the right to vote Changes to the System Bureaucracy – a system in which nonelected officials carry out laws Democrats opened federal jobs to people of all backgrounds Spoils System – the practice of replacing government employees with the winning candidates supporters Abandoned the caucus - system of electing representatives by a group of members of Congress Nominating Conventions – delegates from the states elect the representatives of the party Baltimore, Maryland – first Democratic convention ion 1832

M ONEY P ROBLEMS … A GAIN The Tariff Debate Tariff – fee paid by merchants who imported goods Congress passed a high tariff in 1828 North love it; South = Tariff of Abominations Nullify – cancel Calhoun argued states could cancel the tariff Secede – break away (the desire of some Southerners) The Webster-Hayne Debate Webster argued for the federal rights; Hayne argued for the State’s rights to nullify Jackson Speaks “Our federal union… must be preserved” Calhoun responded by advocating state’s rights Calhoun resigned as Vice President to speak in Congress Nullification Crisis South Carolina (Calhoun’s state) passed the Nullification Act Jackson compromised to lower the tariff over time Force Bill – allowed the President to used military force to enforce acts of Congress South Carolina accepted the win for Nullification; but nullified the Force Bill

Section 1-29 Click the mouse button or press the Space Bar to display the answers. Checking for Understanding __ 1.to leave or withdraw __ 2.attempt to ruin an opponent’s reputation with insults __ 3.candidate that receives the backing of his home state rather than of the national party __ 4.an overwhelming victory __ 5.largest single share A.favorite son B.plurality C.mudslinging D.landslide E.secede Define Match the terms on the right with their definitions on the left. E C A D B