17-18 A+ 16 A- 14-15 B 13 C 11-12 D 0-10 F

Happy New Year!! Week Seventeen (January 4-8) Day 1- Quiz Chapter 17 and prepare discussion questions --- Day 2-Read HR 118-128 (GRAPES-Spain in North America, Spain in South America, Brazil, French N America, English N America)

Week Eighteen (January 10-14) Day 1- Chapter 18 quiz and prepare discussion questions Day 2- DBQ Week Nineteen (January 18- 21 Day 1- Chapter 19 quiz and prepare discussion questions Week Twenty (January 24- January 27) Day 1- Chapter 20 quiz and prepare discussion questions Day 2- Unit Exam Chapter 15-20

Chapter 15

Global Maritime Expansion Before 1450 Polynesian Madagascar Arab Dhow Chinese Ming Zheng He Vikings

European Expansion Iberian kingdoms Portuguese Spanish Wanted to access trade with Asia Used to warfare Portuguese Prince Henry New technologies African Coast Private Commercial interests Bartolomeu Dias Vasco da Gama Spanish Christopher Columbus Treaty of Tordesillas Ferdinand Magellan

Reaction to Europe Western Africa Eastern Africa Liked trading with Europe Benin Kongo Eastern Africa Some fighting with Swahili states Christian Ethiopia Portuguese violently dominated most of the Indian ocean Mughals ignored them Ottomans tried to fight The Americas Arawak conquistadors Hernan Cortes Francisco Pizarro

Chap 16

Protestant Reformation Guttenberg Martin Luther indulgences salvation could be by faith based on the Bible John Calvin Predestination Council of Trent Jesuits “Catholic Reformation.” Wars of religion

Supernatural Witch-hunts Superstition

The Scientific Revolution Greeks and the Romans Copernicus Galileo suppressed Isaac Newton’s Francis Bacon Rene Descartes

Early Enlightenment Government, religion, economics, and education Reason, nature, happiness, progress, and liberty. Thomas Hobbs social contract John Locke natural rights . Voltaire Montesquieu separation of powers Rousseau secular Individuality

Changing Soc-Political Patterns I State Development absolutist rulers Bourgeoisie alliances with commercial elites Charles Spain England Henry VIII England Civil War Oliver Cromwell Glorious Revolution William and Mary Bill of Rights

Changing Soc-Political Patterns II France Estates General Louis XIV Colbert Versailles Standing armies- navies English Royal Navy defeated Spain’s Catholic Armada France, Britain, Austria, and Russia Netherlands

Economic Changes Bourgeoisie manufacturing, finance, trade joint-stock companies and stock exchanges African slaves contributed greatly to Europe's economy New World crops Spain alliances with commercial elites Netherlands Amsterdam

Chapter 17

Spain and Portugal

The Columbian Exchange Diseases Maize Potatoes Tobacco Population Livestock Sugar

Political -Religious Authority held by European kings Council of the Indies Viceroys of New Spain and Peru held great power. Thwarted local economies and politics The Catholic Church – transferring language, culture, and Christian beliefs. Bartolome de Las Casas- New Laws of 1542. Blended Christian beliefs own ritual.

Colonial Economies Silver mines of Peru and Mexico Sugar plantations of Brazil. Environmental effects Slavery encomienda mita. Brazil- Sugar plantation African Slaves Monopolized goods coming in and out

Society Spanish immigrants –Peninsular American-born descendants (creoles) castas mestizos Mulattos Zambos Natives Africans

Early English Experiments Failure.

The South The Virginia Company – Jamestown- Carolinas Tobacco Slaves Slave-labor Rice and indigo.

New England The Pilgrims, Puritans Commerce and shipping Boston Plymouth Colony in 1620 Puritans Massachusetts Bay Commerce and shipping Boston

The Middle Atlantic Region Dutch –New Netherlands English take over New York Commercial and shipping center Pennsylvania Quakers Grain-exporting Philadelphia

French America Missionary work- Jesuits fur trade Louisiana Canada to the English

Expansion Colonies became larger and wealthier Europeans tried to tighten control American born Europeans wanted more independence Slave and Native uprisings Wars for independence

How did European market demand for natural resources and forest products affect the relationship of Amerindian peoples with each other and with their environment?

What were the demographic effects of the Columbian exchange?

How and why did the colonial administrations of Spanish and Portuguese colonies differ from those established by the English colonies in North America?

What role did the environment play in the development of the economies of the New World colonies?

How many different forms of labor organization can you identify in the various New World colonies? What factors explain the development of different forms of labor organization and the transition from one form to another?

What factors explain the differences in social organization of the Spanish, Portuguese, French, and English colonies in the New World?

How To Read a Document (PPA) Plot summary- What is the basic subject matter, content, approx date, and place. What else was going on around the same time and place? Does this relate to something else. POV- Who produced it Who was the intended audience What was the motivation in creating it Do you “trust the document” Analysis Does this document help to answer the question