Early Cultures of North Native American culture were shaped by the environment North America contains 12 cultural areas
PPT Presentation Extra Credit Caitie Fitzpatrick
The Anasazi Located in American Southwest 800 A.D. – 1100 A.D. Maize growers Multistory dwellings built into rock & cliff walls Spanish will call them pueblos – contain farmers, weavers, builders, cultural historians (storytellers) 1400’s suffer a decline
The Struggle for Land in Colonial America In 1730’s people begin moving west Richest groups own most of the land Wages were too low in settled areas Farms were divided among family members
Life on the Frontier No schools Poor housing Frequent moves Families had to be self-sufficient,
Cultural Conflict Native Americans, French and British settlers clash with each other in the Ohio Valley British seeking new lands French trying to hold onto their interior land claims Native Americans just trying to hold on
The Fur Trade Commercial enterprise for the Europeans Native Americans take part in the fur trade as suppliers of pelts and hides Native Americans compete with each other in a race to supply others with hides
Land Indian use of land was not inline with European ideas Europeans believed in individual ownership of land, Indians did not European use of land cut into Native food supplies, causing an increased dependency on the Europeans for goods that previously they took care of
Conflict leads to War Pequot War King Philip’s War Puritan New Englander’s defeat both groups, gain control of region
Causes of Pequot War 1637 English expansion, unfair trading, destruction of Pequot crops by English cattle, competition over hunting grounds, and the sale of alcohol all lead to the War. English colonist John Oldham is killed by Pequot; colonists retaliate by killing Pequot’s.
King Phillip’s War King Phillip aka Metacom June Plymouth Colony: English colonists v Indians. Indians destroyed the English lands and killed nearly 2000 people. English struck back and killed Metacom’s alliance with other tribes fails and he is shot in August The War continues for about a year after King Phillip’s death.
The Iroquois League Originally 5 tribes (later 6) that form a Confederation, the Six Nations Tribes primary location was New York Banned together for mutual defense Maintained local control of own affairs War & treaties required agreement of tribal leaders
The Iroquois League Seneca Onondaga Cayuga Mohawk Oneida Tuscarora (joined in Mid 1700’s after being forced out of North Carolina)
The French and Indian War Worldwide conflict between Britain and France from 1754 to 1763 Future of North America decided with Britain’s victory over France Iroquois side with British and help tip the scales in their favor North America now open to English speaking peoples
Causes of the French and Indian War British claims to land in America are increased British debt also increases American colonists join in a fight against a common enemy: unification Colonials militia = people’s Army France’s part in the development of N. America decreases.