Years’ 30 War. Causes Causes: religious tension between Catholics and Protestants in the Holy Roman Empire. Begun by Ferdinand II, the Holy Roman Emperor,

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

The 30 year War. Europe 1600 The Players (Everyone except England) ) HRE (Bohemia)--thats where it starts Habsburgs- Catholics – Catholic League of.

Advertisements

The Thirty Years War Victory for Religious Freedom Or A Worthless Endeavor?

Witchcraft in the 17th Century

The Thirty-Years War Presented by: Kyiana Williams

Phases of the Thirty Years’ War. Bohemian Period of the Thirty Years’ War Catholics name Ferdinand II as Holy Roman Emperor, who immediately revokes religious.

The Thirty Years War Objectives Describe the events of the Defenestration of Prague What kind of “warfare” caused immense destruction in the.

Thirty Years’ War: 1. Bohemian ( ) 2. Danish ( ) 3. Swedish ( ) 4. Swedish-French ( ) Map Link: The Thirty Years’ War:

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Thirty Years War The Peace of Augsburg brought a temporary truce to the German states and recognized Lutheranism and Catholicism but Calvinism was demanding.

 The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground.  At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants.(1600s)  At the end  it was Habsburg.

Central European Monarchs Clash

JoannaPhilip (son of Maximilian HRE) Charles VIsabella of Portugal Philip II Ferdinand I Maximilian II Rudolf II Spanish Hapsburgs Mathius.

Huguenots Saint Bartholomews Day Massacre Edict of Nantes, 1598 “The Most Catholic King” – Philip II William of Orange Queen Elizabeth I Act of Uniformity.

The Thirty Years War The Thirty Years War is complex. Main conflict b/w the different states who had religious differences.

Warm Up: Copy down these terms and leave space next to each to fill in notes. Key names, terms, and events: Defenestration of Prague Ferdinand II Frederick.

The Thirty Years’ War Christine Power AP Euro. Setting the stage…  The Holy Roman Empire  The quality of emperors varied. Some were strong and dynamic,

The 30 Years’ War Historical Background By 1600, Protestants outnumbered Catholics in Bohemia but the Protestants were fragmented into denominations.

The Thirty Years War Warm Up: Copy down these terms and leave space next to each to fill in notes. Key names, terms, and events: Defenestration.

Chapter 15 Part 3 The 30 Years’ War A Big Deal. Background Philip II (Spain) rebuilding his fleet Philip II (Spain) rebuilding his fleet Henry IV (France)

The European Age of Religious Wars ( )

Ch 12: Wars of Religion The Thirty Years’ War

The Rise of the German States and Russia The Thirty Years War, Austria and Prussia, and Russia.

+ The Thirty Years War Religious Wars’ Grand Finale 2.8.

The Thirty Years’ War ( )

The Emergence of the Modern State

The Thirty Years’ War The Logical Outcome of the Reformation in Germany?

STATE BUILDI NG AND THE SEARCH FOR ORDER IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.

More on the Thirty Years War…and More… (I’m a poet, and I don’t even know it)

The Thirty Years War ( )  The Holy Roman Empire was the battleground.  At the beginning  it was the Catholics vs. the Protestants.

The Thirty Years’ War ( ) The Peace of Augsburg did not extend recognition to non-Lutheran Protestants First continent-wide war in modern.

The Thirty Years’ War Chapter 15. V. Thirty Years’ War ( ): most important war of the 17 th century A. Failure of Peace of Augsburg (1555) 1.Agreement.

AP EURO Unit #1 – Age of Absolutism Lesson #2 Thirty Years War.

The Thirty Years War By: Will Fordham and Adrian Crace.

Sides Protestant France Sweden Dutch Danes German States – Palatinate (SW Germany) – Bohemia Catholic Spain Holy Roman Empire German States – Bavaria.

The Thirty Years War Warm Up: Copy down these terms and leave space next to each to fill in notes. Key names, terms, and events: Defenestration.

The Thirty Years’ War The FIRST continent-wide war in modern history!!!! Culmination of religious wars from the 16 th century!!!! And it ends.

The Thirty Years War The Thirty Years War is complex. But the main conflict was between the different states who had religious differences.

Religious/Secular War Thirty Years Wars

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Problems in the German States Problems leading to 30 yrs. War 1555: Cuius Regio; Eius Religio Loss of Land to Protestant Princes The Counter Reformation.

The Valois, et al. Some Geneology Chenonceux.

Nunc Agenda: Last group will perform Peter the Great skit.

The Thirty Years War (It lasted 30 years)

The Thirty Years War IR 1205: History of IR since 1648 Md. Sohel Rana Lecturer Department of International Relations Bangladesh University of.

Religious Wars have a political impact! War of three Henrys, Protestant Revolts, 30 Years War.

› Lutheran and Catholic Princes try to gain followers -> religious conflict › Both sides feel threatened by Calvinism that is spreading › Lutherans.

Thirty Years War. Europe in the 1500’s Idea of a “Universal Religion” Holy Roman Empire Founded 800 AD Charlemagne “Emperor of the Romans” Intended to.

The Thirty Years War ( ).

Thirty Years War.

The Thirty Years’ War.

30 Years’ War Most important war of the 17th century

The Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years War

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years War ( ).

The Thirty Years War (It lasted 30 years)

THE RELIGIOUS WARS: The Thirty Years War

The Thirty Years’ War 1618 – 1648 What do you know?!?!

Both groups start to organize formally to spread their own influence

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

EQ - What were the causes and effects of the Thirty Years’ War?

Waging War Wednesday, Oct.1st

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648).

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Thirty Years War The Highlights.

Religious Wars have a political impact!

The Wars of Religion (1560s-1648)

Presentation transcript:

Years’ 30 War

Causes Causes: religious tension between Catholics and Protestants in the Holy Roman Empire. Begun by Ferdinand II, the Holy Roman Emperor, after the death of Emperor Matthias. Ferdinand, a loyal Catholic, wanted to restore classic Catholic rule Protestants disagreed, and in Bohemian staged a major revolt, starting the war. Ferdinand II

BohemianDanish SwedishFrench-Swedish Frederick VChristian IV RichelieuGustavas II

The Bohemian Period ( ): Revolt vs the Empire Ferdinand II elected to become king of Bohemia and of Hungary against Protestant wishes –staunchly Catholic, he i Immediately revoked religious freedom from Bohemian Protestants. “Defenestration of Prague”: – F. sent two Catholic counsellors to rule at castle in Prague (Bohemian capital): –Mock trial: Calvinists through them out of window (50 feet up) –Catholic story: angels rescued: Protestant story: landed in pile of manure Angry Bohemians declared the Calvinist elector Palatine, Frederick V their overlord. –Became part of Evangelical Union he headed With Spanish help Ferdinand’s Army had managed to subdue and conquer the Palatinate, and re-catholicize Bohemia. –Frederick V defeated by Emperor Ferdinand at the Battle of White Mountain in 1620 –Spanish and Bavarian troops soon occupied the Palatinate itself. Emperor tried to force Catholicism on this Calvinistic region. –In 1623, Frederick was put under the ban of the Empire, and his territories and Electoral dignity granted to the Duke (now Elector) of Bavaria, Maximilian I

The Danish Period ( ): Lutheran King Christian IV of Denmark, wished to extend Danish influence in the HRE. –Helped neighboring Protestant Saxony vs HRE –Feared for sovereignty of Denmark if Saxony under HRE dictatorship –Lead Protestant forces against Catholic Ferdinand’s –Financed by Richelieu of France (Catholic) & Dutch against HRE power

Christian was quickly humiliated and forced to retreat by Ferdinand. –Ferdinand hired Albrecht of Wallenstein as a mercenary (Bohemian nobleman rich from confiscated estates of Protestants) –pledged his army of between 30,000 and 100,000 soldiers to FerdinandI in return for the right to plunder conquered –By 1628 Wallenstein commanded as army of 100,000, no longer under Ferdinand’s control, with victory over Christian –Christian agreed to abandon his support of Protestants if could keep Denmark. Edict of Restitution –Ferdinand II wanted to take back the Lutheran holdings that were, according to the Peace of Augsburg, rightfully the possession of the Catholic Church. –two Archbishoprics, sixteen bishoprics, and hundreds of monasteries. –It looked like Catholics had won and the war was over, BUT

The Swedish Period ( ): Gustavus Adolphus of the strongly Lutheran Sweden came to rescue of Protestant forces –Worried about HRE aggression vs Sweden –Protestant, wanted to support others –Wanted economic influence with German cities –bankrolled by France and the Dutch, and allies with Brandenburg and Saxony, decided to join the fight. Adolphus, a military genius, won a smashing victory at Breitenfeld in –Ferdinand fired Wallenstein, then reinstated him vs Gustavus Adolphus

Adolphus’s army met Wallenstein’s at the Battle of Lutzen, Nov –Swedish forces won, but Gustavus Adolphus killed in battle (see illustration) Without Swedish leadership, the Protestant forces lost battles Ferdinand had Wallenstein assassinated in –W was negotiating peace with Protestants –Ferdinand feared he might desert to Protestants Swedish portion of war ends with Peace of Prague –Delayed enforcement of the Edict of Restitution for 40 years –United army of emperor with armies of German states to one army of the Holy Roman Empire –Forbade German princes to have alliances between them or with foreign powers. –Gave amnesty to any ruler who took up arms against the Emperor after arrival of the Swedes in 1630.

The Swedish-French Period ( ): The Peace of Prague didn’t satisfy the French, especially Cardinal Richelieu, chief advisor to Louis XIII (Henry IV’s son) Habsburgs still powerful, with territory on France’s eastern border and north in the Low Countries The French (Catholic) openly entered the war, ironically, on side of Protestants. The war lasted 13 years after that, warring just for the sake of warfare. With the Dutch and Protestant German forces, France attacked HRE imperial armies with much success Habsburgs invaded eastern France in retaliation, but were beaten The combined Protestant forces defeated imperial armies The fighting ended with the deaths of Richelieu and Louis XIII

officially ended the conflict recognized the United Provinces (Holland) and Swiss Confederation as sovereign nations It rescinded Ferdinand’s Edict of Restitution and firmly reasserted the major feature of the religious settlement of the Peace of Augsburg, Cuius regio. Gave the Calvinists long-sought legal recognition.

Effects of the War By the time that peace talks began in 1644, an estimated 1/3 of the German population had died, with economy and cities in ruins. –Civilian deaths due to armed conflict, famine and disease. –Much of the destruction of civilian lives and property was caused by the cruelty and greed of mercenaries. The war divided the HRE into even more political locations. Germany was already scattered before the war, and prospects of nationalism all but faded afterwards. It greatly disrupted the Balance of Power in Europe, almost eliminating Spain and the Habsburg Dynasty from being world powers. –It also made Sweden, United Provinces, and France major players in Europe, even if it was short-lived.