Let’s sit back and take a ride back in time. See and hear where the music we love came from. Enjoy!! 1

Middle Ages Pre 1420s Music - chant -first written music -instrumental music -Troubadours -Sacred music; motes and Mass Musicians Guido de Arezzo Hildegard of Bingen (:45) 2

Renaissance Music - polyphonic -dance music -instrumental music -English Madrigal -Sacred music; motes and Mass Musicians Josquin des Prez Giovannie Da Palestrina William Byrd Thomas Morley Michael Praetorius 3

Renaissance… Historical Themes… Invention of printing press, music more accessible Beginning of the change from the feudal system to the modern state Shakespearian plays Era of Michelangelo’s paintings and sculpture Music moving outside of the confines of the church Luther began Protestant Reformation Columbus and Magellan expand view of the world 4

Baroque Music ~ Operas source of entertainment Ortorio Concerto Harpsichord Formalized dances Voices and instruments mixed Instrument forms of concerto, sonata Musicians Johann Sebastian Bach Antonio Vivaldi Donenico Scarlatti George Fredric Handel 5 (1:06)

Baroque… Historical Themes… Scientists, Galileo and Newton used observation and experiments to develop hypotheses about why things happen. Got its name from the ornate style of architecture of the time. Monarchs(kings) began to employ composers of their courts. Development of holdings in the New World by English, French and Spanish. 6

Classical Music: Dances Symphonies Sonatas Minuets Gavotte String quartets Piano main instrument for composers Musicians: Franz Joseph Haydn Wolfgang A. Mozart Franz Schubert 7 (:35) (6:38)

Classical… Historical Themes… Industrial revolution led to increases in material goods and wealth. Art and architecture cleaner and uncluttered modeling that of the classical Greeks. Aristocracies began replacing monarchs and the church as music patrons. Writers such as Rousseau and Voltaire spread ideas of the philosophy of enlightenment. Time of the American Revolution. 8

Romantic Music Operas and program music Romances from Mid Evil times Poetry and stories of heroes Dynamics wider, tempos more extreme Musicians Felix Mendelssohn Robert Schumann Frederic Chopin Franz Liszt Johannes Brahms 9

Romantic… Historical Themes… The revolutions of the 18 th century brought about a new social order Italy and Central Europe freed from foreign control Charles Darwin introduces his theory about the origin of species Specialized music training institutions developed Invention of new instruments of the orchestra 10

20 th Century Music All sounds are possible Mixes elements from multiple cultures Many new insturments Complex rhythms Jazz, blues, folk, rock-n-roll, country Musicians Scott Joplin Arnold Schoenbery Igor Stravinsky Serge Prokofiev Duke Ellington 11 (:45) (7:08)

12 HISTORICAL THEMES: ~Progression of travel from earliest cars, jets, and space travel, with the development of technology creating global communication. ~Decline of totalitarian cultures, Adolph Hitler and Germany, Russian and Chinese revolutions, and movements for freedom and democracy in Poland, and South Africa. ~World Wars I and II, Korean and Vietnam conflict, and Desert Storm. 20 th Century…

13 Credits Page. Information gathered from various books and websites as follows… of music.com/main.html/ The Composer’s Specials by Betsy Henderson