1 TOPIC 10 SUBSTANCE RELATED DISORDER

Classification of Substance-Related Disorders  Substance Abuse and Dependence  Substance abuse involve a pattern of recurrent use that leads to damaging consequences.  Substance dependence is the development of physiological signs of dependence. (tolerance or withdrawal) or by compulsive use of a substance.

 Addiction, Physiological Dependence, and Psychological Dependence - Addiction as the habitual or compulsive use of a drug accompanied by evidence of physiological dependence - Physiological dependence means that one’s body has changed as a result of the regular use of a psychoactive drug in such a way that tolerance or withdrawal syndrome develop. - Psychological dependence involves a patterns of compulsive use of associated with impaired control over the use of drug.

 Alcohol dependence syndrome is a state, psychic and usually also physical resulting from taking alcohol.  Heavy drinking is associated with vulnerability and becoming involved in intimate partner violence. 4

 BILOGICAL FACTORS  PAYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS  SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS 5

 Use of Medications in Treating Alcohol Abuse  Medications to Block the desire to drink  Medications to reduce the side effects of withdrawal  Psychological treatment approaches  Group therapy  Environmental intervention  Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral therapy  Alcoholics anonymous 6

 Narcotics such as opium and heroin  Sedatives such as barbiturates  Stimulants such as cocaine and amphetamines  Anti-anxiety drugs such as benzodiazepines  Pain killers such as Oxycontin  Hallucinogens such as LSD and PCP 7