How are proteins formed?

Biosynthesis is a phenomenon wherein chemical compounds are produced from simpler compounds. Biosynthesis takes place within living organisms and is generally catalyzed by enzymes. A type of protein Where do the proteins come from?

is the process in which cells build proteins Protein biosynthesis (synthesis ) Proteins are formed in the ______________________ Proteins are composed building blocks called______________________

1.Construction Crew 2.Building materials 3.Construction site 4.Blueprints 5.Architect

Architect’s office Construction site Home Depot Blueprints Building Building materials Copy of blueprints By messenger Materials By truck Nulceus DNA Cytoplasm Amino acids Ribosomes rRNA mRNA tRNA

protein synthesis Is carried out in the cell’s nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes Directed by the DNA of the organism Aided by molecules of RNA

Ribonucleic acid is a nucleic acid made from a long chains of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a nitrogenous base, a ribose sugar, and a phosphate.

RNA is usually single stranded RNA nucleotides contain ribose RNA uses the nucleotide Uracil substituted for Thymine

Messenger RNA Ribosomal RNA Transfer RNA is the RNA that carries information from DNA to the ribosome transfers a specific amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain at the ribosomal site the protein manufacturing machinery of all living cells

protein synthesis Is carried out in the cell’s nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes Directed by the DNA of the organism Aided by molecules of RNA

CODED

DECODED

Dr. writing a Rx Pharmacists reading the Rx Producing the “filled” prescription

EXAMPLE DNA READS: GTC AAG CAA GAT TAC mRNA READS: CAG UUC GUU CUA AUG Transcription occurs

the mRNA is created under the direction of DNA Only one of the two DNA strands is transcribed This strand is called the template strand Transcription occurs in the cell nucleus where DNA is housed

is the process that converts an mRNA sequence into a string of amino acids that form a protein. protein synthesis when the mRNA strand moves out of the nucleus and into the cytoplasm.

messenger RNA (mRNA) is decoded to produce a specific protein using specific amino acids The tRNA will deliver the appropriate amino acid in the cytoplasm that is coded for by the mRNA tRNA Polypeptide=protein

EXAMPLE DNA READS: GTC AAG CAA GAT TAC mRNA READS: CAG UUC GUU CUA AUG Transcription occurs

mRNA READS: CAG UUC GUU CUA AUG Translation occurs CONTINUED EXAMPLE tRNA READS: GUC AAG CAA GAU UAC

Amino acids reads: val – lys – gln – asp - tyr

PRACTICE ein.html ein.html protein synthesis practice