1. Protein Synthesis

2. Protein Synthesis Protein RNA Cytoplasm Instructions = DNA Nucleus
Building Blocks =
Amino Acids
Protein

3. RNA DNA RNA Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose Strands Double Single Bases
Ribonucleic Acid
DNA
RNA
Sugar
Deoxyribose
Ribose
Strands
Double
Single
Bases
Thymine
Uracil

4. RNA 3 Types: Messenger RNA (mRNA)
Carries a copy of the protein building instructions from the nucleus (DNA) to the cytoplasm

5. Assembles amino acids into proteins
RNA
3 Types:
2. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
Assembles amino acids into proteins

6. Transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome
RNA
3 Types:
3. Transfer RNA (tRNA)
Transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome

7. Monomers: Amino acids (20)
Proteins
Monomers: Amino acids (20)
Order of the amino acids determines protein function

8. Protein Synthesis Protein RNA 1. Transcription 2. Translation Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Instructions
= DNA
RNA
1. Transcription
Building Blocks =
Amino Acids
2. Translation
Protein

9. 1. Transciption Copying DNA code to mRNA Location: Nucleus
RNA Polymerase copies one strand of DNA to the mRNA

10. Codons are like words that make up sentence (amino acid sequence).
Three consecutive nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid
Start codon
Stop codon:
UAA
UAG
UGA
Codons are like words that make up sentence (amino acid sequence).

11. Decoding mRNA (codons) into an amino acid sequence (protein)
2. Translation
Decoding mRNA (codons) into an amino acid sequence (protein)
Location: Cytoplasm

12. Translation 1. mRNA finds a ribosome
4. Ribosome forms bonds between amino acids
3. tRNA brings a specific amino acid
5. tRNA will be released
Codon links to Amoeba sisters video
6. Ribosome will continue until it reaches a stop codon
2. Complementary
tRNA reads codon
1. mRNA finds a ribosome

13. Protein Synthesis DNA:TACATGCAGTTCATC mRNA: AUGUACGUCAAGUAG
Animo acids: Met-Tyr-Val-Lys-Stop