By: Morgan, Erica, Leah, Jesse and Delaney Lessons 1,2,3 Chapter 10 By: Morgan, Erica, Leah, Jesse and Delaney Lessons 1,2,3

Tidewater Region The South is known for great bays, broad rivers, and tangled swamps. A tidewater is a low-lying coastal plain full of water ways. The South was ideal for growing crops due to its 7 to 8 month growing seasons. This area had a lot of animals for hunting.

Tide Water Region cont. Forests were filled with animals, hunters found ducks, deer, bears, buffaloes and turkey, fish filled many of the rivers. Clams, crabs and other shell fish were easy to find. The Tidewater was an area of great natural beauty riches.

The Back Country The Blue Ridge and great smoky mountains Appalachians. In North Carolina’s back country, more than forty peaks rise to 6,000 ft. (1800 m). The Back Country’s farmers found red clay soil of Piedmont rise was good for growing corn and tobacco.

A Rich Land The Europeans who settled in the southern colonies, found a rich land. The soil was very rich. The climate was warm most of the year.

Maryland The second colony started in the Southern Colonies began as the idea of a rich Catholic named George Calvert. Calvert persuaded King Charles I of England to grant him a large area of plantation Chesapeake Bay. Calvert planned to make Maryland a place where Catholics could worship in peace. But he died before he could carry out his plans.

Maryland cont. In 1632, Calvert decided to build a colony for Catholics in North America. The King named the new colony Mary Land after his wife, Queen Henrietta Maria.

The Carolinas In 1663, England King Charles II gave the area south of Virginia to eight friends. They named it after Charles. (Carolus = Charles in Latin.) They were going to make money by renting land. The friends were proprietors, a person who owns land property for business.

The Carolinas In 1729, King George II took over Carolina and divided it into two Colonies North Carolina and South Carolina. The land around Charlestown was too swampy for tobacco. They grew indigo and rice which became SC first cash crops, a crop grown to be sold for profit.

Georgia King George gave James Oglethorpe the land. He brought 114 debtors in 1733. Each was given 50 acres (20 ha) of land and told to raise wine grapes and silk worms. But wine grapes and silk worms grew poorly in Georgia’s soil and many colonists left.

Georgia cont. The Southern Five In 1752, King George II took control of Georgia. He gave the colonists land and let them Plant whatever they wanted. Soon they were raising rice and indigo. The colony began to grow at last. The Southern Five All five Southern Colonies offered fertile soil to farm.

By: Morgan, Erica, Leah, Jesse, and Delaney Chapter 10 Lesson 3 By: Morgan, Erica, Leah, Jesse, and Delaney

The Plantation Plantations are very large farms in the country. Instead of addresses they had names for their plantations such as Gunston Hall and Claremont Manor. Everything the plantation owners needed was grown by themselves.

Towns and Trade Running a plantation is like running a business. Boston and Philadelphia were trade posts. Without trade most towns in the Southern Colonies remained small, but Charles Town grew quickly (now Charleston.) William Byrd ll was a wealthy plantation owner. He worked his slaves very hard.

Work and Play Byrd left a diary about daily activities. From that we know that Byrd spent most of his time looking after Westover, his plantation. He saw that the people he had enslaved planted and harvested his crops at the right time. Most plantations were miles from any other farm or town, so people were always welcome. A popular saying was “Ride a mile, stay a week.” During stays, visitors had a nice time horse racing and fox hunting.

Wealthy Planters In the Southern colonies the rich planters lived in luxurious homes on their land. Slavery affected the lives of Africans in the Southern Colonies.

Lesson 4 Slavery in the Colonies Chapter 10 Lesson 4 Slavery in the Colonies By: Mr. Mazur

Planters realized they could make more money with slave labor. Captives and Servants In 1670, Africans were no longer indentured servants. They became slaves. Planters realized they could make more money with slave labor.

“Slave Young, Slave Old” Slaves were treated as property. The worked from 6 years of age until old age. (Hence the title.) Families were broken up. They were fed, clothed, and housed by owners. Work began at dawn. Overseers enforced the owners’ rules. Some better than others.

“Slave Young, Slave Old” “Field slaves” worked in the field. They did most of the hard work. “House slaves” worked as servants or cooks. Most worked 6 – 7 days a week.

Fight Back Planters wanted slaves that obeyed and worked hard. Those that didn’t were punished. Slaves fought back at every chance. They: Broke tools Worked slowly Burned down buildings Worked when only watched = “eye service”

“Oh, Freedom!” Slavery was practiced in ALL the colonies. However, more were held captive in the Southern Colonies. They helped grow indigo, rice, tobacco, and cotton They faced endless work with no reward. It was against the law, in most colonies, to teach slaves to read or write. Why do you think they didn’t want them to?

Lesson 5 George Washington’s Virginia Chapter 10 Lesson 5 George Washington’s Virginia By: Mr. Mazur

Tidewater Virginia George Washington was born on a plantation in Virginia. It was not the same as it was when Jamestown was formed. The Powhatan were forced off their land. Slaves worked the land. Because plantations were spread out, there were few schools. He was taught at home until his father died. He wanted to go to school in England.

Tidewater Virginia George Washington moved to Mount Vernon where his brother lived. Here few wealthy families ran nearly everything. He became part of a very privileged group. Time was spent: Going to dances Fox hunts Children from the families would marry each other and become leaders of the colonies.

Backcountry Virginia Backcountry = an area of land across the Blue Ridge Mountains to the Shenandoah Valley. Shenandoah = “Daughter of the Stars” Algonquian Language George met many Scot-Irish and German colonists.

Backcountry Virginia Backcountry Tidewater Women wore silk and lace One room houses w/little furniture Wealthy and elegant homes Grew small amounts of food Worked hard just to stay alive Leaders of the colonies Virginians Plantations Mountains Women didn’t work with their husbands Hunted or fished Women didn’t wear silk or lace Atlantic

George learned there were two Virginias. Backcountry Virginia George learned there were two Virginias. Tidewater Wealthy colonists in elegant homes Backcountry Small cabins and rough and hardy colonists