COMENIUS PROJECT- WORKING WITH ENERGY Group 10 ENERGY SOURCES Spain England Denmark Netherlands

ENERGY SOURCES Energy sources can be classified into: NON-RENEWABLE: -COAL -NATURAL GAS -PETROLEUM or FOSSIL FUEL OIL -NUCLEAR RENEWABLE: -WIND POWER -SOLAR or PHOTOVOLTAIC -HYDRO ENERGY -BIOMASS -GEOTHERMAL -TIDAL POWER

COAL: Is a combustible used to produce energy. This energy is lethal for the environment. There's a lot of coal mines around the world which pollutes a lot. NATURAL GAS: Natural gas is mostly created by to mechanisms: biogenic and thermogenic. It’s one of the most used energies in towns. The gas is extracted using drilling digs. Schemes of the natural gas obtaining.

FOSSIL FUEL OIL or PETROLEUM: The petroleum industry is based in the processes of: exploration, extraction, refining and transporting. Fuel and petroleum are the largest products in the industry. Petroleum pollutes a lot. It is removes from individuals wells, and as it takes very long to create itself, in a few years we will run out of it. NUCLEAR: This energy consists in splitting the nucleus of an atom into it component parts (neutrons and protons). The energy this splits produce is used to heat water who move a turbine to produce mechanical energy. Nuclear energy is one of the worst energies used in the world, because produce radioactivity and waste that must be stored. For this problem exist the waste cemeteries in some parts of the planet and it is really dangerous. Scheme of the nuclear fission and nuclear power station

WIND: Wind is used to create wind power by propelling the blades of wind turbines. These turbines cause the rotation of magnets, which creates electricity. Wind towers are built on wind farms where are put all together. SUN: Sun power is used to create solar energy or photovoltaic. It consist of using solar cells of the solar panels who can convert sunlight into electricity. Wind towers in a wind farm and a solar panel

HYDRO ENERGY: Water is used to create hydro energy. What is used to create hydro energy is the gravity of a river in its descent after being in a dam. Water can only pass through a little hole so it has more pressure and it can turn turbines or water wheels which drive an electric generator. Scheme of hydroelectric power generation and a hydroelectric station

BIOMASS: Biomass is created by using garbage or other sources such as corn or vegetation to generate electricity. The methane that is produces when garbage decomposes is captured and burned to produce electricity. GEOTERMAL: The heat present under the earth is used to produce geothermal energy. It involves drilling two wells. One of them is used for providing water to the ground. The hot rocks heat the water which produce steam. This steam goes to the other well where drive turbines which power electric generators. TIDAL: Tidals are used to produce tidal power by locating a water turbine in a place where tidals are used to be or by building a dam and drive water through a turbine. Biomass Geothermal station Schemes of Tidal power

ADVANTATGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF THE DIFFERENT ENERGY SOURCES Regarding technology: The renewable sources have a more complex technology than the non-renewable energy sources. The nuclear source is probably the most complex energy source regarding technology. Regarding environment: The renewable sources are the best ones for the environment because they don't pollute and will never run out, however the non-renewables pollute a lot and there's no solution to remove it. Regarding economy: The non-renewable are cheaper than renewable sources, that's why they're mostly used. Although they pollute more and they will run out in a few time, that’s why we should use only renewable sources and not to depend of the non-renewable.

Energy mostly produced in each country : -Spain: wind and solar energy -Denmark: wind energy -England: wind energy (has the largest wind turbines park in all the world) -Netherlands: coal, oil and natural gas Graphic of current contribution of Energy Sources world-wide

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY The alternative energy appeared about 1970th. It appeared because there were problems with the other energies because of the rapidly diminishing. The pollute of the environmental was also another reason to think other ways to produce energy. Fortunately, nowadays, people have realized their mistakes and use renewable energy. A renewable energy means that will never be used up. The alternatives energies are the ones who don’t pollute and never run out. Photo of the different alternative energies