Respiratory Structures  Respiration: means to ventilate lungs, and exchange gases  Respiration system: two parts the conducting and respiratory division  Conduction division: passages that serve only airflow  Respiratory division: consists of alveoli the gas exchanging regions

Respiratory Structures  Nose: part of the upper respiratory tract, it warms, cleans, humidifies, amplifies voice, and detects odors in the air  Air flow through the nostrils into the nasal cavity which is divided into L and R half by the nasal septum  As air enters the nasal cavity it is funneled into the three fold of the nasal conchae causing the air to contact the mucosa

Respiratory Structures  Pharynx: a three part muscular tube that connects mouth and nasal cavity to larynx  Nasopharynx: conducts air from nasal chamber past tonsils to fight air bore pathogens, connects with back of mouth  Oropharynx: back of mouth pass air, food  Laryngopharynx: connects upper pharynx to the trachea and esophagus

Respiratory Structures  Larynx: top of trachea main purpose is to block food and liquid from lungs. Also contains the vocal cords  Epiglottis: a flap of tissue located on top of the larynx that covers the trachea during swallowing  Vocal cords: contain vocal ligaments that vibrate to produce sound when air passes over them

Respiratory Structures  Trachea: or windpipe is a ridged tube that is supported by C shaped rings of cartilage that keep it from collapsing during inhaling, it is often called the trunk of the bronchial tree  Carina: last segment of the trachea where the primary bronchi split

Respiratory Structures  Lung: area of gas exchange, each has an apex and a base with the area against the rib cage called the costal surface  R Lung; is the larger of the two with three lobes: superior, middle, inferior  L Lung: has cardiac impression and has only two lobes: superior and inferior

Peanut Butter Jelly Time!

Respiratory Structures  Bronchial tree: a series of branches from the trachea that funnel air to the alveolar sacks  As branches get smaller they change names from biggest to smallest  Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Bronchioles, Terminal bronchioles, Respiratory bronchioles, Alveolar ducts, Alveolar sacs  Bronchial tree is lined with a mucus producing tissue that traps debris and pathogens

Respiratory Structures  Alveoli: are the structures found in the grape like clusters of the alveoli sacs  Gases are only exchanged in the alveoli  The alveoli are coated in pulmonary surfactant which keeps the side of the alveoli from sticking together upon exhale