1. Respiratory System Structures
Chapter 13
Respiratory System Structures

2. Respiratory System Functions
Supply body with oxygen
Dispose of carbon dioxide
Gas exchange

3. Respiratory System organs
Nose  pharynx  larynx  trachea  bronchi  bronchioles  alveoli

4. Nose Air enters external nares (nostrils)
Nasal cavity (interior of nose) contain:
Respiratory mucosa
veins that warm and moisten air
Trap bacteria and foreign debris
Conchae
3 mucosa covered lobes/projections
Increase surface area exposed to air
Palate- separates nose and mouth

5. pharynx Throat Passageway for food and air 3 parts:
Nasopharynx- superior portion connected to nasal cavity
Oropharynx- middle portion of pharynx
Laryngopharynx- inferior portion connected to larynx
Where tonsils are located- trap and remove bacteria from entering the throat

6. larynx Voice box Routes air and food
Epiglottis- protects the superior opening of the larynx from food

7. trachea Windpipe Lined with cilia that propel mucus upward
Connects larynx to bronchi of lungs

8. Primary bronchi
Right and left divisions of trachea that enter each lung

9. Lungs
Occupy thoracic cavity except for mediastinum (central area where heart is located)
Apex- superior portion below clavicle
Base- inferior portion above diaphragm (muscle used for breathing)
Left lung- 2 lobes
Right lung- 3 lobes

10. Lungs continued… Covered by pulmonary (visceral) pleura
parietal pleura lines thoracic cavity
membranes that secrete fluid that allows the lungs to glide over the thorax wall and allow two layers to stick together during breathing

11. bronchioles
Smallest air conducting passageway in lungs connected to bronchioles and alveoli (air sacs where gas exchange occurs)

12. Respiratory zone Only place where gas exchange occurs
Includes bronchioles, alveolar ducts and sacs and the alveoli
All other structures of respiratory system considered conducting zone structures