Chapter 1 Educational Technology in Context: The Big Picture Adapted from: M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved.

Four Perspectives that Define Educational Technology M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.2

Media and Audiovisual AECT defines educational technology as media for communicating concepts M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.3

Instructional Systems and Instructional Design ISPE defines educational technology as media for communicating concepts M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.4

Vocational Training Tools (Technology Education) ITEA defines educational technology as a “preparation for the world of work” M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.5

Computer-Based Systems ISTE defines educational technology as “computers and related electronic resources” M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.6

For Our Purposes … Technology in Education: Seamless use of technology tools into a purposeful, participatory instructional or learning environment Good Example: Using the Internet to research projects Bad Example: Letting students play educational games if they finish their work early

Why Use Technology? Influence student academic performance Develop higher order thinking and problem solving Improve student motivation, attitude, and interest in learning Help to prepare students for the workforce Address the needs of low performing, at-risk, and learning disabled students Center for Applied Research in Educational Technology (CARET) http://caret.iste.edu M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.10

Motivation Gains learner attention Visual and interactive features Engages the student through production work Promotes creativity, self-expression and esteem Increased perception of control Students may be more motivated by feeling they are in control of their learning/special implications for at-risk students (intrinsic motivation)

Unique instructional capabilities Linking students to information and education sources outside of the classroom Promotes multi-cultural awareness Improves communication and research skills Helping students visualize problems and solutions

Support for new instructional approaches Cooperative Learning Groups are more productive in complex problem solving activities/tech.-based activities Shared Intelligence Problem solving and higher order skills

Increased teacher productivity Help teachers cope with their ever-expanding paperwork load resulting in higher productivity Resources Word processing Spreadsheet Database Desktop publishing Test generating software E-mail and websites Online research

Skills for the Information Age Technology Literacy Information Literacy Visual Literacy All necessary for making decisions in everyday life, seeking employment.

Supports framework for Universal Design for Learning To represent information in multiple formats and media. To provide multiple pathways for students’ action and expression. To provide multiple ways to engage students’ interest and motivation.

What History of Educational Technology Has Taught Us Technology is not a panacea. Literacy offers limited rationale. Teachers are not developers. M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.7

What History Has Taught Us Possible doesn't equal desirable, feasible, or inevitable. Change is too fast to keep up with. Older technologies can be useful. Teachers always will be important. M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.8

When Does Technology Work? Directly supports the curriculum objectives. Provides opportunities for student collaboration. Adjusts for student ability and prior experiences, and provides feedback. Is integrated into the instructional day. Provides opportunities for students to design and implement projects. Is used in environments where teachers, the school community, and the district support the use of technology. Center for Applied Research in Educational Technology (CARET) http://caret.iste.edu M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.11

ISTE NETS · S Technology Foundation Standards for Students Basic operations and concepts Social, ethical, and human issues Technology productivity tools Technology communications tools Technology research tools Technology problem-solving and decision-making tools http://www.iste.org M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.20

Issues in Education and Technology Societal Legal/Ethical Cultural Educational M. D. Roblyer Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, 4/E Copyright ©2006 by Pearson Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 All rights reserved. 1.13

Resources Integrating Educational Technology into Teaching, M.D. Roblyer http://www.cast.org/teachingeverystudent/ideas/tes/chapter4.cfm