Africa’s Geography and Climate

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Presentation transcript:

Africa’s Geography and Climate

Location 1000s of miles North and South of the Equator 2nd largest continent Regions North Africa: Morocco to Egypt West Africa: To the Atlantic (S of the Sahara) East Africa: Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania Central Africa: DRC, on the Equator Southern Africa: Zimbabwe, South Africa

Landforms Escarpments: Steep cliffs that divide the plateau from the coastal plain Cataracts: Large waterfalls Great Rift Valley: Series of mountains and valleys in East Africa (rich in minerals and metals)

Rivers Provide hydroelectric power The Nile The Congo Flows over 4000 miles north into Egypt and empties into the Mediterranean Sea Rich farmlands used to support the Nile Aswan Dam: Built in the 1970s in the upper Nile Supplies hydroelectric power The Congo Drains in Central Africa: many waterfalls Niger River in Sierra Leone and Guinea: used for irrigation

Natural Resources DRC: copper South Africa, DRC: Diamonds and cobalt Nigeria, Angola: Oil Uneven distribution in resources

Climate 80% lies in the Tropics 4 Climate Zones 1. Tropical Wet Hot and humid all year 60-120 inches of rainfall 2. Tropical Wet and Dry Largest in Africa Wet and dry season Savanna, a grassland, covers almost ½ the continent Issues: Drought Desertification: Turning of semidesert land into deserts

Climate Part 2 3. Deserts 4. Mediterranean Climate 40% of Africa Sahara: highway for traders, Kalahari (Southern Africa), Namib (1 of the driest places on earth) 4. Mediterranean Climate Southern tip and northern coast Mild (similar to LA) Supports many crops