Standard(s): 27. Explain the major significance of the following historical documents: Constitution Bill of Rights Monroe Doctrine Missouri Compromise Gettysburg Address Emancipation Proclamation Civil War Amendments (13, 14, 15) 33. Identify United States relationships to major countries and how these relationships affect foreign policy

A New National Identity

The Treaty of Ghent Ended the War of 1812 But... Left issues unresolved

James Monroe Had been elected President in 1816

American Foreign Policy

Disputes with Great Britain –United States and British Canada both wanted fishing rights in the Great Lake

Rush-Bagot Agreement Limited naval power on the Great Lakes for both the United States and British Canada

Convention of 1818 Set the border between U.S. and Canada at the 49º N Latitude As far west as the Rocky Mountains

Gave U.S. fishing rights of Newfoundland and Labrador coast Agreed to occupy the Northwest together

U.S Gains Florida Dispute between U.S. and Spain over Florida border

Andrew Jackson Monroe sent General Jackson to Florida At the same time: –Conflicts arose between the U.S. and the Seminole Indians of Florida

Seminole Indians Often helped runaway slaves Sometimes raided U.S. settlements

Jackson’s troops invaded Florida to capture Seminole raiders And started the First Seminole War

Without orders Jackson –Took over Spain’s important military posts –Overthrew the governor of Florida

Adams-Onis Treaty The Spanish leaders agreed to settle border disputes between Spain and the U.S. –Span gave East Florida to the U.S. –The U.S. gave up what is now Texas

By the early 1820’s most of Spain’s colonies in the Americas had declared independence Monroe feared European powers might come in and take control Monroe was afraid of Russian interest in the northwest coast of North America Great Britain had close trading ties with Latin America

Monroe Doctrine An exclusive statement of American policy warning European powers not to interfere with the Americas

Four Points 1.The U.S. stays out of European affairs 2.The U.S. recognizes existing European colonies 3.The Western Hemisphere is off- limits for colonization 4.The U.S. would see European attempts to colonize in the Western Hemisphere as a hostile act

The Monroe Doctrine remains important to U.S. foreign policy. The U.S. continues to consider Latin America within its sphere of influence The U. S. has intervened in Latin American affairs when its interests are at risk

Review pg 301 #1a & c, 2a – c, 3a & b – 5 In complete sentences, incorporating the question into the answer

Nationalism and Sectionalism

Nationalism Feelings of pride in ones nation. American nationalism began growing as the United States began expanding.

Henry Clay Wanted –A strong national economy To promote nationalism and reduce conflict –A national bank To provide a single currency To make interstate trade easier –A protective tariff To improve roads and canals

American System Developed by Clay A series of measures intended to make the United States economically self- sufficient

Cumberland Road The first road built by the federal government Begun in 1815, in 1850 reached Illinois Wheeling Suspension Bridge completed in 1845

Erie Canal Begun in 1817, completed in 1825 Allowed movement between towns on Lake Erie to the east coast.

Era of Good Feelings 1815 – 1825 A time of peace, pride, and progress

Sectionalism Disagreements between different regions

Free or Slave The Union had 11 free states and 11 slave states Missouri wanted to enter the union as a slave state –this would tip the balance of power in the government in favor of the South Henry Clay convinced Congress to agree to the Missouri Compromise

Missouri Compromise Passed by Congress in ) Missouri would enter as a slave state 2) Main would enter as a free state 3) Slavery to be prohibited in new territories north of 36°30’ latitude – Missouri’s southern border

Election of 1824 Andrew Jackson won popular votes but not enough electoral votes to win.

The House of Representatives had to choose the winner –They chose Adams. Jackson claimed Adams made a corrupt bargain with Henry Clay. When Adams chose Clay to be secretary of state, support for Adams weakened.

Review pg 305 #1a & c, 2a – c, 3a & b In complete sentences, incorporating the question into the answer

Evaluation –Section reviews –Chapter test