Tobacco The dangers of tobacco use

Vocabulary Addiction Stimulant A physically or psychological dependence on a substance Increases the functions of the CNS, the heart rate, and other organs

Carcinogens Nicotine Tar Cancer causing agent Addictive substance in tobacco Sticky, yellow substance in burning tobacco

Carbon Monoxide Leukoplakia Colorless, odorless, poisonous gas Mouth irritation caused from direct contact w/tobacco

CDC.gov In 2010, 19.1% of all teens in high school smoke ***In 2009 (in Georgia), 16.9% of teens in high school smoked. In 2010, 15% of high school males use smokeless tobacco

85% of adult smokers started before the age of 18 73% of high school seniors using smokeless tobacco began using before 9 th grade The average age of first exposure to tobacco is 11 years

***What’s in a Cigarette? 1.Cyanide 2.Formaldehyde 3.Arsenic 4.Nicotine Each puff of a cigarette contains more than 43 carcinogens.

***Nicotine Stimulant Addictive Increases BP Increases HR Destroys cilia Low tar cigarettes are still harmful to the smoker because the smoker tends to inhale more deeply and smoke more ***Tar

*** Tobacco use is linked to… Increased risk of heart disease Increased risk of stroke Chronic bronchitis Emphysema Increased risk of many types of cancer High BP Impotence Premature wrinkling of the skin

Other Forms of Tobacco Cigar Pipe Pipe and cigar smoking Inhale less More likely to develop cancers to the lip, throat, and mouth ***More tar is generated by pipes and cigars

Respiratory Diseases Chronic Bronchitis A condition in which the bronchi are irritated Cilia becomes useless Tar from cigarette smoke builds up which result in chronic coughing and excessive mucous secretions

Emphysema The destruction of the tiny air sacs in the lungs The destruction of the tiny air sacs in the lungs The walls of the air sacs are destroyed and provide less total surface area which oxygen can be absorbed The walls of the air sacs are destroyed and provide less total surface area which oxygen can be absorbed More breaths are required More breaths are required Healthy individual uses 5% energy to breath Healthy individual uses 5% energy to breath Advanced emphysema patients uses 80% energy to breath Advanced emphysema patients uses 80% energy to breath

***Lung Cancer Directly linked to smoking #1 cause of cancer deaths in men Begins as the bronchi are irritated by cigarette smoke Cilia are destroyed Extra mucous can not be expelled Smoker develops a cough Cancerous cells begin to grow Cancer cells travel to other organs

***Circulatory System Increase HR 3x greater risk of heart attack Increase BP Increases Cholesterol

***Smokeless Tobacco Nicotine in smokeless tobacco is as addictive as that in cigarettes Nicotine in smokeless tobacco is as addictive as that in cigarettes People who chew or dip secrete more salvia People who chew or dip secrete more salvia Even though most spit out the juices, some is still swallowed causing digestive issues Even though most spit out the juices, some is still swallowed causing digestive issues Tobacco juices contain juices that delay wound healing Tobacco juices contain juices that delay wound healing

Tobacco and its by-products are extremely irritating to the tissues of the mouth causing Leukoplakia Tobacco and its by-products are extremely irritating to the tissues of the mouth causing Leukoplakia Oral cancer strikes about 30,000 Americans annually (only 50% of its victims survive longer than 5 years) Oral cancer strikes about 30,000 Americans annually (only 50% of its victims survive longer than 5 years)

Greater tooth wear Greater tooth wear Gums pushed away from their teeth Gums pushed away from their teeth Roots of gum exposed Roots of gum exposed Bad breath Bad breath Discolored teeth Discolored teeth Decrease in the users ability to smell and taste especially sweet and salty foods Decrease in the users ability to smell and taste especially sweet and salty foods HealthRisks

***Smoking During Pregnancy Associated with small fetal growth Associated with small fetal growth Increased chance of spontaneous abortion Increased chance of spontaneous abortion Prenatal death/Increased still born birth Prenatal death/Increased still born birth Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the mother’s and fetus’ blood Carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen levels in the mother’s and fetus’ blood

***Sidestream Smoke  the smoke that comes from a burning cigarette. (This has higher concentrations of carcinogens) ***Mainstream Smoke  the smoke the smoker blows off ***Second hand smoke  it is both Mainstream/Sidestream smoke