Classification Classification is  The arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities/differences.

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Presentation transcript:

Classification

Classification is  The arrangement of organisms into orderly groups based on their similarities/differences.

Why classify?  Helps to make sense of large # of organisms  Example (not living) –Stores, closets, CDs

History of Classification  Aristotle (Greek) 2000 years ago –Two groups Animals Plants

Animals Plants FungiAnimals Protists Monerans ArchaebacteriaEubacteria

Classification of Living Things

Carolus Linnaeus  Founded taxonomy –Science of identifying, classifying and naming living things  Swedish physician and botanist, 1700s  Based on similar structures

Introduction to Classification

Overview of Classification

Levels of Classification  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus  Species  King  Phillip  Came  Over  For  Great  Spaghetti

Levels of Classification

The Process of Classifying

Classification Chart of a bottle-nosed dolphin

Modern Classification  Also includes –Fossil studies –Hereditary info –Early stages of development  Phylogeny –The evolutionary history

Branching Diagrams  Page 162

Scientific Names

What’s in a Name?  2 part scientific name- Latin or Greek  1 st part –Genus –Always begins with Capital letter  2 nd part –Species –Always begins with lowercase letter  Both parts are underlined or italicized

Why do we need scientific names?  So scientists from all over the world know what animal/plant that name refers to –can COMMUNICATE with each other

What is this organism called? Woodchuck Groundhog Three common names for one organism! Whistle pig Marmota monax

What is this organism? European robin Erithacus rubecula American robin Turdus migratorius

Dichotomous Keys  Consists of several pairs of descriptive statements  Have only TWO alternative responses  Used to identify an organism

Dichotomous Key

Woodland vole Adult weightAdult weight : kg ( lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 4 years Female maturity :98 days Gestation : 21 days Weaning : 21 days Litter size : 3 Litters per year : 3 Interval between litters : 26 days Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Microtus pinetorum

Prairie vole Adult weightAdult weight : 0.04 kg (0.088 lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 5 years Female maturity :47 days Gestation : 23 days Weaning : 20 days Litter size : 4 Litters per year : 4 Interval between litters : 26 days Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Microtus ochrogaster

White-footed mouse Adult weightAdult weight : kg ( lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 8 years Female maturity :73 days Gestation : 26 days Weaning : 22 days Litter size : 5 Litters per year : 4 Interval between litters : 26 days Weight at birthWeight at birth : kg ( lbs) Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Peromyscus leucopus

Order : Rodentia Family : Muridae Species : Peromyscus maniculatus Deer mouse Adult weightAdult weight : kg ( lbs) Maximum longevityMaximum longevity : 8 years Female maturity :49 days Gestation : 24 days Weaning : 22 days Litter size : 5 Litters per year : 3 Interval between litters : 27 days Weight at birthWeight at birth : kg ( lbs)

Classification of Living Organisms ree_domains Three-Domain System stem Classification of Living Things /classification_intro.htmlClassification of Living Things /classification_intro.html