1. Classification Chapter 7 sections 1 & 2 Pages 164-179

2. Why Classify? Classification: putting things into categories, orderly groups based on similar characteristics Important Questions: 1.How many known species are there? 2.What are the defining characteristics of each species? 3.What are the relationships between these species?

3. How Do Scientists Classify Organisms? Carolus Linnaeus: founded modern taxonomy (1700s) based on shape and structure, 7 level system Taxonomy: the science of describing, classifying, and naming living things The more characteristics the organisms share, the more closely related the organisms may be.

4. Branching Diagrams

5. 7 Levels of Classification Kingdom-largest Phyla Class Order Family Genus Species Here are some sentences: Kids Prefer Cheese Over Fried Green Spinach. Koalas Prefer Chocolate Or Fruit, Generally Speaking King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti Keeping Precious Creatures Organized For Grumpy Scientists

6. Scientific Names Two Part Names: Genus and Species All two part names: the genus starts with a capital letter and the species names start with a lower case letter, usually italicized when surrounding words are not Usually in Latin or Greek

7. Dichotomous Keys An identification aid that uses sequential pairs of descriptive statements Consists of answers to a series of questions

8. Taxonomic Key  1a Fruits occur singly................................................. Go to 3  1b Fruits occur in clusters of two or more................ Go to 2  2a Fruits are round................................................... Grapes  2b Fruits are elongate............................................... Bananas  3a Thick skin that separates easily from flesh.........Oranges  3b Thin skin that adheres to flesh.............................. Go to 4  4a More than one seed per fruit............................ Apples  4b One seed per fruit............................................ Go to 5  5a Skin covered with fuzz.................... Peaches  5b Skin smooth, without fuzz........................... Plums What steps would you use to identify an apple?

9. The Six Kingdoms

11. Two Kingdoms of Bacteria Archaebacteria: prokaryotes that can live in extreme conditions Eubacteria: all bacteria not in the archaebacteria kingdom such as bacteria found in soil, water, and inside you.

12. Kingdom Protista Simple multicellular or single celled Eukaryotes Not plants, animals or fungi Animal like protists called protozoa Plant like protists called algae (slime mold)

13. Kingdom Fungi Molds and mushrooms Do not perform photosynthesis (like plants) and do not eat food (like animals) They absorb nutrients Use digestive juices to break down substances

14. Kingdom Plantae Eukaryotic Cell Walls Photosynthesis Can be on land or water Provide habitat for other organisms also provide food for organisms Can not move around

15. Kingdom Animalia Complex, multicellular organisms that don’t have cell walls Usually able to move around Specialized sense organs Quickly respond to their environment Also includes worms, insects, coral and even sponges

16. The modern system of classification has 8 levels: Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

17. Extras… Brain Pops: Classification, Six Kingdoms, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, and Protists http://sciencespot.net/Pages/kdzbioclass.html http://www.biology4kids.com/index.html http://www.biology4kids.com/files/studies_ta xonomy.html http://www.biology4kids.com/files/studies_ta xonomy.html