1. Classification the grouping of information or objects based on
Taxonomy is the science of grouping
and naming organisms.
Classification the grouping of
information or objects based on
similarities.

2. History of Taxonomy

3. Early classification systems
Aristotle grouped animals according to the way they moved

4. The modern classification system :
Developed by Carolus Linnaeus
Consists of 7 levels:
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
Carl Linnaeus
Father of Taxonomy
Swedish botanist, zoologist and physician

5. Phenetics
-Similar properties
-form or structure
(morphology)

7. Helpful way to remember the 7 levels
King Philip Came Over For Grape Soda.
King Philip Came Over For Green Skittles.

8. New - Phylogenetics
cladistics
DNA sequencing

9. We only know about a fraction of the
organisms that exist or have existed on Earth.
Taxonomists give a unique scientific name to
each species they know about whether it’s alive
today or extinct.
The scientific name comes from one of two
“dead” languages – Latin or ancient Greek.
Why use a dead language?

10. Devil Cat

11. Ghost Cat

12. Mountain Lion

13. Screaming Cat

14. Puma

15. Florida Panther

16. Cougar

17. There are at least 50 common names for
the animal shown on the previous 7 slides.
Common names vary according to region.
Soooo……why use a scientific name?

18. Binomial Nomenclature
   
a two name system for writing scientific names.
The genus name is written first (always Capitalized).    
The species name is written second (never capitalized).    
Both words are
italicized if typed or underlined if hand written.
Example: Felis concolor or F. concolor
Which is the genus? The species?

19. "Formal" scientific names should have a third part, the authority
"Formal" scientific names should have a third part, the authority.     The authority is not italicized or underlined.
The authority is written as an abbreviation of the last name of the person responsible for naming the organism. Since Carolus Linnaeus was the first person to name many plants, the L. for Linnaeus is very common in plant scientific names.
An example is Quercus alba L.

20. The Dichotomous Key
A key is a device for easily and quickly identifying
an unknown organism.
The dichotomous key is the most widely used type in biological sciences.
The user is presented with a sequence of choices between two statements, couplets, based on characteristics of the organism. By always making the correct choice, the name of the organism will be revealed.

21. 1.  
A. one pair of wings
B. Two pairs of wings