The Byzantine Empire & Middle Ages

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Presentation transcript:

The Byzantine Empire & Middle Ages

The Byzantine Empire The capital of the Roman Empire was moved to Byzantium in 330 C.E by Constantine The West fell in 476 C.E to Germanic Tribes The East continued and was named the Byzantine Empire Its capital was renamed Constantinople.

Justinian (483-565 C.E) Considered most famous Byzantine Emperor Re-conquered the West from Germanic tribes Created the Justinian Code-laws Had great churches built (Hagia Sophia) Theodora-Justinian’s wife; strong woman, fought for women’s rights

The Church Divides Christianity in the East lost contact with the Roman Catholic Church in Rome. Eastern Orthodox Church emerged Patriarch-leading figure of Eastern Church Pope in the West Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Churches fought over the use of icons. Byzantine missionaries converted many Slavs using the Cyrillic Alphabet.

The Middle Ages (Medieval) Time in between the fall of Rome and modern era (500-1500 C.E) Medieval-Latin for Middle Refers mainly to Western Europe

Invasions by Germanic Tribes 476 C.E-Rome conquered by Germanic Tribes Decline of learning Loss of common language New languages emerge Decline of cities Church in Rome remained and became powerful

Franks Unite and Convert The Franks became the most unified and powerful of Germanic tribes Clovis was their first great leader. Converted to Christianity Alliance between Church and King. Charles Martel-Stopped Muslims at the Battle of Tours in 732 C.E.

Charlemagne (742-814 C.E) Greatest ruler of the Franks Created an empire almost as large as the old Rome Spread Christianity Encouraged learning Made an alliance with the Pope Crowned Emperor by Pope

Feudalism Develops in Europe After Rome fell to Germanic tribes, power in Western Europe became decentralized. Charlemagne’s Empire was divided Invasions from 800-1000 C.E by Vikings, Muslims, and Magyars further divided Europe People sought protection from local lords instead of a central ruler.

Feudalism System in which kings and local lords grant land (fief) to a vassal in return for services (usually military) People worked on the Lord’s manor or estate

The Crusades (1096-1204 C.E) A series of holy wars fought between Christian and Muslim armies. Sought to gain control of the “Holy Land” or Jerusalem. The main impact was an increase in trade.