Unit #3: Latin America Chps 9-11

Take Five… Where is Machu Picchu located?

Chp 9: Section #1: Landforms & Resources Latin America: part of N. America (from southern most US border), all of South and Central America & the Caribbean Islands

Highlands… Contains one of the largest mountain ranges in the world: The Andes Mountains—begins as the Rockies in the US, the Sierra Madre in Mexico and the Andes in S. America Other highlands regions as well in parts of Venezuela & Brazil

Andes Mtns.

Wally Points… Due to the number and height of highlands in Latin America, where do you think the majority of people chose to settle and why?

Plains… Llanos of Colombia & Venezuela for livestock grazing and farming Cerrado in Brazil for farming Pampas in northern Argentina & Uruguay for cattle and wheat grain

Take Five… Define the following: Llanos Cerrado Pampas

Rivers… Longest river system in Mexico= Rio Grande 3 major river systems in South America: Orinoco River—Colombia & Venezuela Amazon River—beginning in the Andes Mtns. and flowing into the Atlantic 2 nd longest river in the world Parana River—Brazil through Paraguay & Argentina

Rio Grande

Amazon River

Wally Points… If the Amazon is the 2 nd longest river in the world, what is the longest?????

Major Islands of the Caribbean 3 major island groups (The West Indies) The Bahamas Southern tip of FL and North of Cuba The Greater Antilles Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Puerto Rico The Lesser Antilles Windward and Leeward Islands

Queen’s Staircase in Nassau, Bahamas

Straw Market

Two Different Worlds…Same Location…

Cuba…

Leadership of Cuba?

Wally Points… What does Gitmo refer to? What is the current conflict regarding Gitmo today?

US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay

Political Controversy…

Jamaica Mon… What is the absolute location of Ocho Rios? What is located at W and N

Pictures of Jamaica

Leeward Islands Antigua

Windward Islands

Natural Resources… Mineral resources: gold, silver, nickel, iron copper etc… Mining is a major export in Latin American countries—esp. aluminum ore Energy resources: oil, coal, uranium, hydroelectric and natural gas Agricultural resources: timber, bananas, sugar etc…

Sec #2: Climate and Vegetation Wide climate and vegetation ranges: rainforest, savannah, desert, Mediterranean

Tropical Climate Zones Rainforests & Savannahs Tropical wet/dry—hot climates w/ seasonal rains Savannahs such as found in Brazil, Colombia and Argentina Hot and rainy climate year round Amazon 2 million square miles of S.America 2,500 varieties of trees Ex: Brazilian nut tree Variety of animals Ex: Anaconda, Jaguar & Piranha

Rainforests of the World

Amazon Rainforest

The Albino Anaconda…

Wally Points… What other animals are native to the Rainforest?

Amazing Amazon Animals

Dry Climate Zones Found in Mexico and South America Semiarid climates: dry w/ some rain Desert: little rainfall

Wally Points… What areas of Latin America do NOT have a dry climate?

Atacama Desert

Mid-Latitude Climate Zones (S. of the Equator) Humid Subtropical—rainy winters/ hot humid summers Paraguay, Uruguay, S. Brazil, S. Bolivia & N. Argentina Mediterranean—hot summers/cool winters Chile Marine West Coast—cool rainy winters/mild rainy summers SW South America, S. Chile, Argentina Highlands—moderate to cold climates depending on elevations Mountainous regions of Mexico and S. America

Sec #3: Human-Environment Interaction Agricultural shaping the environment Slash and burn technique Shrinking rainforest Terraced farming Reduces soil erosion

Farming techniques

Wally Points… (1) What are negative side effects of urbanization? Is this true in Latin American countries as well? (2) ________, ________ and ________ are the most highly urbanized countries in South America.

Urbanization Movement from rural areas to urban areas Push factors—pushing people to leave rural areas Poor medical care, education, jobs, land ownership Pull factors—pulling people to the cities Higher-paying jobs, better schools, medical care

Problems associated with Urbanization High crime rate Unemployment Slums Air/water pollution Broken/non-existent infrastructure

Positive Effects of Tourism New resorts People spending money Souvenirs Food Creation of jobs Resorts, restaurants, tour guides, expeditions

Negative Effects of Tourism Resorts adding to land destruction Pollution Gaps between rich and poor Resentment and crime Public debt Infrastructure, airports, road construction etc Absentee owners

Part I of In Class Assignment… Look at the first picture and answer the following questions: What features do you see in this image? What patterns do you see on the landscape? From where do you think this image was taken? What do you think this is a picture of? What details support your hypothesis?

Compare and contrast… The first image was taken in How might the landscape have changed since then?

Now look at the 2 nd image… Compare the 2 images, what features are the same? What features have changed? How much time do you think has passed between the two images? What are possible explanations for the differences between the two images? What might be some reasons why the Rainforest is being cut down?

News Flash!!! You and your team members will each play a role to create a news story about the use of the Amazon Rainforest. Write a script regarding your specific interest group Prepare a 2-3 minute news report Group member roles: Reporter Interviewee #1 Interviewee #2

Wrap Up… Which group has the most legitimate claim to decide what should be done to preserve or use the resources of the Amazon rainforest? Which group wants to use or preserve the resources of the rainforest in ways that will be most helpful to the country and people of Brazil? Which group wants to use or preserve the resources of the rainforest in ways that will be most helpful to the people around the world (global community)? Considering all the factors from the previous questions, which group makes the strongest case for how to use or preserve the resources of the Amazon rainforest?

Read Section 12.9 Each group needs to make 2 recommendations for preservation and use of the Amazon Rainforest.

Read Section and answer the following questions… What interesting details do you see on this map? What do the various colors of the countries represent? Which countries are experiencing the greatest loss of forests? Why might this be so? Which countries are experiencing the greatest amount of reforestation? Why might this be so?

Read Section and answer the following questions about the graph… What does each graph represent? The 8 countries that are labeled in red on the map are also represented in the graphs. What relationships do you see between the information on the map and the data in the graphs? What hypotheses might explain the relationships you identified between the graph and the map?