1. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF
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Section 1: Landforms and Resources
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Latin America’s landforms include highlands, lowlands, mountains, and plains.
The Andes Mountains and the Amazon River are the region’s most remarkable physical features. •
continued . . .

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Section 2: Climate and Vegetation
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The vegetation of Latin America ranges from grasslands to the largest rain forest in the world. •
Latin America has a variety of climates, from the cold peaks of the Andes to the Amazon rain forest.
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Section 3: Human-Environment Interaction
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Tourism is having a growing impact on the environment of Latin America. •
The people of Latin America have altered the land through agriculture and urbanization.

5. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF
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6. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Landforms Chapter Summary
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Landforms
Major Mountain Ranges
Andes, Sierra Madres
Major Waterways
Orinoco, Amazon, Paraná
Major Plains
pampas of Argentina and Uruguay, llanos of Colombia and Venezuela,
cerrado of Brazil
continued . . .

7. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Resources Chapter Summary
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Resources
Latin America has important mineral and energy resources.
Venezuela and Mexico have major energy reserves.
continued . . .

8. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Climate and Vegetation Chapter Summary
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Climate and Vegetation
The variety of climate and vegetation in Latin America is caused by the great distance from north to south, variations in elevation, and ocean currents.
Latin America has many rain forests.
continued . . .

9. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Human-Environment Interaction Chapter
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Human-Environment Interaction
Two techniques that farmers have used in the region are slash-and-burn and terraced farming.
Cities in Latin America have grown at a rapid pace, and the region is now highly urbanized.
Tourism has both advantages and disadvantages for the region.
continued . . .

10. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Chapter PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF
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11. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points
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10 points
Landforms and Resources
10 points
Climate and Vegetation
10 points
Human-Environment Interaction
20 points
Geographic Challenge

12. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 1.
What two countries does the Orinoco River drain?
The Orinoco drains Venezuela and Colombia.
continued . . .

13. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 2.
Where are the Andes Mountains located?
They are located along the Pacific coast of South America.
continued . . .

14. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 3.
What agricultural technique involves using ashes to fertilize the soil?
Slash-and-burn involves using ashes.
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15. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 4.
What characteristics do the pampas and llanos have in common?
They are plains that provide soil for growing crops and grass for grazing livestock.
continued . . .

16. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 5.
Which river drains the largest rain forest in the region?
The Amazon drains the largest rain forest.
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17. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 6.
Which is the northernmost of the great rivers of South America?
The Orinoco is the northernmost of the great rivers.
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18. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 7.
What farming technique is especially useful in mountainous regions?
Terraced farming is useful in the mountains.
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19. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Places & Terms (5 points each) Chapter
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Places & Terms (5 points each) 8.
What are the main products of the pampas?
Cattle and wheat grain are the main products of the pampas.

20. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points
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20 points
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Landforms and Resources (10 points each) 1.
How have the Andes Mountains affected settlement in South America?
The Andes Mountains have made settlement moving east from the Pacific coast more difficult because they are a barrier to movement into the interior. As a result, more settlement has occurred along the eastern and northern coasts.
continued . . .

22. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon
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Landforms and Resources (10 points each) 2.
What are the two main purposes for which the plains and grasslands of the region are used?
growing crops and grazing livestock
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23. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon
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Landforms and Resources (10 points each) 3.
What are the three major island groups of the Caribbean?
Bahamas, Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles
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24. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon
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Landforms and Resources (10 points each) 4.
What Caribbean island is rich in natural gas, and what impact has this had on the economy?
Trinidad—factories have sprung up to manufacture methanol and ammonia; developers have been attracted to the island

25. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points
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26. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Climate and Vegetation (10 points each)
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Climate and Vegetation (10 points each) 1.
In what part of the region are savannas most common?
South America
continued . . .

27. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Climate and Vegetation (10 points each)
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Climate and Vegetation (10 points each) 2.
How do the vertical climate zones of Latin America affect agriculture?
People grow different crops depending on the elevation at which they live.
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28. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Climate and Vegetation (10 points each)
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Climate and Vegetation (10 points each) 3.
What is the dominant vegetation of the Amazon River basin?
rain forest

29. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points
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30. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon
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Human-Environment Interaction (10 points) 1.
What is the main disadvantage of the slash-and-burn method of growing crops?
It quickly exhausts the soil.
continued . . .

31. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon
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Human-Environment Interaction (10 points) 2.
What factors tend to pull people into the cities from their farms?
higher-paying jobs, better schools, better medical care
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32. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon
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Human-Environment Interaction (10 points) 3.
What are some disadvantages of tourism in the region?
congestion, pollution, strain on local communities, gap between rich and poor, large public debt, profits not reinvested in tourist country, influence of nonresidents on local affairs

33. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points
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20 points
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34. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon Geographic Challenge (20 points)
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Geographic Challenge (20 points) 1.
Based on landforms and climate, which areas of Latin America would be the least agriculturally productive?
High-altitude zones in the mountains, semiarid, and desert zones such as the Atacama Desert in Chile would be the least agriculturally productive.

35. 9 From the Andes to the Amazon 5 points 10 points 10 points 10 points
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