University of Utah 1 Other Early Computers Konrad Zuse -Another early pioneer -Z1 (mechanical, 1936) -Z3 (electromechanical, 1941) -Z4 (electronic, 1950)
University of Utah 2 Other Early Computers Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) All-electronic -Not general-purpose Designed to solve linear equations
University of Utah 3 More ENIAC thoughts Acronym: -Electronic -Numerical -Integrator -And -Computer
University of Utah 4 Beyond ENIAC “Very few things happen at the right time, and the rest do not happen at all: The conscientious historian will correct these defects.” --Mark Twain
University of Utah 5 EDVAC Eckert and Mauchly knew the ENIAC was bad! 1944 – proposed next computer, EDVAC. -Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer
University of Utah 6 EDVAC Improvements over ENIAC -Binary, not decimal -Programmable! -High-speed memory Serial, not random access
University of Utah 7 von Neumann John von Neumann -consultant for ENIAC project -First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC (1945) an internal document (NOT!) -memory stores instructions AND data
University of Utah 8 Ego Battles von Neumann and Goldstine vs Eckert and Mauchly U.Penn administrators vs Eckert and Mauchly
University of Utah 9 EDVAC Built by U.Penn without Eckert & Mauchly Not finished until 1951
University of Utah Commercialization Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation -financial troubles BINAC -first commercial computer (unfortunately)
University of Utah UNIVAC Eckert/Mauchly bought out by Remington-Rand Completed the first UNIVAC in 1951 for the U.S. Census Bureau Sold about 20 UNIVACs between 1951 and 1954.
University of Utah UNIVAC 1952: Eisenhower vs Stevenson
University of Utah UNIVAC UNIVAC predicted: -438 Eisenhower vs 93 Stevenson CBS fudges results Actual results: -442 Eisenhower vs 89 Stevenson
University of Utah UNIVAC Total of 46 UNIVACs produced Last one decommissioned in 1969
University of Utah UNIVAC 4 bits per decimal digit -word length: 45 bits 11 decimal digits + sign
University of Utah UNIVAC Clock speed: 2.25 Mhz 465 multiplications/sec
University of Utah UNIVAC Memory: 1000 words Long-term storage on magnetic tape
University of Utah UNIVAC Peripherals -see brochure
University of Utah UNIVAC (video)
University of Utah Reminder Enigma assignment due 7:30pm If you need help, get it early!
University of Utah On Friday... We'll see how IBM and others responded to UNIVAC.
University of Utah “Test Question” On a scrap of paper, write a question that encapsulates one of the points from today's class, and turn it in. (Put your name on it!)