Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis and Cellular respiration Both pathways have to do with the gathering and storing of energy to sustain life in living things. 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 → 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy

ATP Adenosine Triphosphate One of the principal chemical compound that cells use to store and release energy is ATP (chemical energy)  Energy stored in cells: ADP  ATP  Energy released in cells: ATP  ADP Cells generate ATP/ADP as needed by using energy in foods like glucose

ATP ATP is like a charged up battery ADPATP Energy Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) + PhosphateAdenosine triphosphate (ATP) Partially charged battery Fully charged battery

PHOTOSYNTHESIS In photosynthesis, energy is captured from sunlight by chloroplasts and is stored through the synthesis of sugar from carbon dioxide CO 2 + H 2 O Sugars + O 2 Chloroplast Light Energy

YOUR TURN Copy the following equation and write it in words 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

YOUR TURN 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 ____________ uses the energy of ____________ to convert ____________ and ____________ into high energy ____________ and ____________.

Light and Dark Reaction Light reaction: water molecule is split and oxygen is released Dark reaction (or Calvin cycle): H (from H 2 O) combine with CO 2 to from glucose

Photosynthesis: 2 parts Light reaction: –happens inside the thylakoids –Traps light energy (with pigments) and converts it into chemical energy (ATP) –Pigments are light absorbing molecules; main one is chlorophyll Dark reaction –Happens in the stroma –Uses ATP from light reaction to produce high energy sugars

Absorption of Light by Chlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b VBGYOR Chlorophyll b Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll and light Chlorophyll absorbs blue and red. That is why plants are green

NOTES In photosynthesis, energy is captured from sunlight by chloroplasts and is stored through the synthesis of sugar from carbon dioxide 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy → C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2

From Photosynthesis to Cellular Respiration After plants have made glucose (P/S), glucose is broken down in the mitochondria (cellular respiration) so the cell can use the energy

YOUR TURN What type of cells use cellular respiration?

Two Types of cellular respiration Aerobic (with oxygen)  36 ATP Anaerobic (without oxygen/”fermentation”)  2 ATP

Aerobic Respiration can broken into 3 parts Glycolysis- occurs in cytoplasm, Krebs Cycle – occurs in mitochondria, Electron Transport occurs in mitochondria, produces 34 ATP’s